不同生态区种植密度对大豆产量及产量构成的影响  

Effects of Population Structure on Soybean Yield and Yield Components in Different Ecological Regions

作　　者：王新兵[1] 侯海鹏[1] 马玮[1] 赵明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物杂志》2013年第5期114-120,共7页Crops

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2009CB118605);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203096);中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项

摘　　要：为探索大豆品种的适应生态区及配套高产栽培技术以挖掘品种高产潜力,以中黄35为试验材料,设置不同生态区与种植密度两种处理,研究不同生态区种植密度对大豆产量及产量构成的影响.结果表明,种植密度与生态区对大豆产量及产量构成的影响均达到显著水平,种植密度对产量的影响达到极显著水平,公主岭地区、廊坊地区和新乡地区适宜的种植密度分别达到188 750株/hm2、200 000株/hm2和177 000株/hm2时产量最高.比较不同生态区气候条件,河北廊坊地区因具有较高的日均气温和充足的降雨量,是大豆中黄35高产的适宜生态区.筛选出了不同生态区大豆中黄35的适宜种植密度,构建了高产群体结构,通过对产量构成的显著性分析、相关性分析与通径分析得出,生育期内活动积温高、日均气温在20～26℃范围内的天数多、鼓粒期降雨量充足和种植密度合理是优化大豆群体结构、提高大豆产量的重要途径.In order to explore the appropriate ecological region and structure the high - yield group of soybean. Effects of main meteorological factors and different planting densities on yield and yield components in soybean, Zhonghuang 35, were studied under the condition of three different ecological regions. And the soybean were planted in three densities with 75000 plants/hm^2,150000 plants/hm^2 and 225000 plants/hm^2. The results showed that the effects of ecological condition and different planting densities on yield and yield components in soybean were reached to significant level. In a certain planting density range, the soybean yields were increased with the planting density increased in the three ecological regions. Comparing the climate condition of different ecological regions and the correlation analysis between climate and yield, the appropriate average daily temperature and sufficient rainfall lead to high yield in Langfang than in Gongzhuling and Xingxiang. Through the significance analysis、correlation analysis and path analysis of the yield component, we conclude that ensuring the high active accumulated temperature and increasing the planting density are the main ways to improve soybean yield.

关 键 词：大豆 生态区 种植密度 产量 产量 构成 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]