原子核的大质量转移反应和丰中子超重核的产生(英文)  

Large Mass Transfer Reaction and Production of Neutron Rich Superheavy Nuclei

作　　者：吴锡真[1] 赵凯[1] 李祝霞[1] 王宁[2] 田俊龙[3] 张英逊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]广西师范大学,广西桂林541004 [3]安阳师范学院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《原子核物理评论》2013年第3期221-230,共10页Nuclear Physics Review

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(11005022,11005155,10875031,10975095,10905021,91126010,11005003,U1230127);Defense Industrial Technology Development Program(B0120110034)~~

摘　　要：迄今为止,人们合成的超重核都是缺中子的,无论是熔合-裂变反应还是碎化过程都无法使产物达到周期表的"东北区域"。而重核之间(如U核之间)的近垒大质量转移反应则可能是目前生成丰中子超重核和达到未知丰中子重核区域的唯一途径。在改进的量子分子动力学(ImQMD)模型结合统计模型框架内,研究了U+U等反应体系的大质量转移反应,计算了反应产生的初生态碎片的质量和电荷分布,并成功再现了产物的终态质量和电荷分布。通过比较3个反应136Xe+248Cm,48Ca+248Cm和238U+248Cm产生的106号元素的截面大小,揭示了U+U等重核大质量转移反应对产生丰中子超重核是非常有利的。For elements with Z 〉 100 only neutron deficient isotopes have been synthesized so far. The ＂north- east area＂ of the nuclear map can be reached neither in fusion-fission reactions nor in fragmentation processes. The large mass transfer reactions in near barrier collisions of heavy （U-like） ions seem to be the only reaction mechanism allowing us to produce neutron rich heavy nuclei including those located at the superheavy（SH） island of stability and unexplored area of heavy neutrtn-rich nuclides. This study is extremely important for nuclear astrophysical investigations and, in particular, for the understanding of the r process. In this paper within the Improved Quantum Molecular Dynamics （ImQMD） model combining with the statistical-evaporation mod- el, the large mass transfer reactions, like 238U＋238U have been studied. The charge and mass distributions of transiently formed primary fragments are investigated within the ImQMD model and de-excitation processes of those primary fragments are described by the statistical decay model. The mass distribution of the final products in 238U＋238U collisions is obtained and compared with the recent experimental data. Through compared the formation cross sections of transfermium element 106 by three reactions of 136Xe＋248Cm, 48Ca＋248Cm and 238U＋248Cm, it is explored that the large mass transfer reactions, like U＋U are very benefit for the production of SH nuclei.

关 键 词：大质量转移反应 超重核 U+U反应 丰中子重核 

分 类 号：O571.6[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]