微圆弧刃金刚石车刀在线图像测量方法  

Online Image Measurement Method for Micro-round Nose Diamond Turning Tools

作　　者：仇中军[1] 房丰洲[1] 赵群章[1] 周立波[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]日本茨城大学智能系统工程系,日本日立316-8511

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第17期26-32,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50905125);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划,2012AA040405);天津市自然科学基金(12JCZDJC27900)资助项目

摘　　要：为摆脱传统圆弧刃金刚石车刀制造对操作者技能熟练程度和经验的依赖,并克服制造过程中需反复离线测量的缺点,利用在线图像测量方法代替传统制造方法中的离线测量,将获取的切削刃的形状信息和位置信息实时反馈给控制系统,直接驱动研磨系统带动金刚石车刀按照最优的加工策略针对性的进行切削刃轮廓自动研磨和修整。通过比较三种车刀切削刃圆弧获取方法的效率及精确性,确定获取金刚石车刀切削刃圆弧中心及研磨系统的旋转中心的最佳图像处理方法。利用在线获取金刚石车刀切削刃圆弧中心及实时计算其和研磨系统的旋转中心距离,实现初始装夹时金刚石车刀位置的实时调整,从而消除初始安装误差切削刃加工精度及效率的影响。开发适用于微圆弧刃金刚石车刀测量的图像测量系统,实际测量验证试验表明,利用开发的在线图像测量方法获得的切削刃轮廓信息从原理上更准确,从而为实现圆弧刃金刚石车刀高效、高精度、低成本的稳定加工提供了保证。In order to overcome the constraints of the traditional manufacturing method of diamond turning tool that the fabrication process relies on the operator＇s skill and experiences and needs repeated offline measurements,an online image measurement method is used to replace the offline measurement in the traditional manufacturing method.According to the information of cutting edge shape and location,the grinding system automatically drives the diamond turning tool to grind the edge contour pertinently through optimal processing strategies.The optimal image processing methods for obtaining the center of diamond turning tool cutting edge and center of rotation of the grinding system are determined through a comparison of the efficiency and accuracy of the three methods for obtaining tool cutting edge.By adjusting the distance between the center of diamond turning tool cutting edge and center of rotation of the grinding system on real time,the initial clamping error which influences the precision and efficiency of cutting edge processing is eliminated.An image measurement system suitable for measuring micro-round nose diamond turning tool is developed.The experiments show that the obtained information of cutting edge contour using the developed online image measurement system is more accurate,accurate,and the highly efficiency,high precision,low-cost and stable manufacturing of micro-round nose diamond turning tool is guaranteed.

关 键 词：金刚石车刀 图像处理 在线测量 研磨 

分 类 号：TG712[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]