塔里木盆地凝析气田的地质特征及其形成机制  

The condensate gas field geological characteristics and its formation mechanism in Tarim basin

作　　者：杨海军[1] 朱光有[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院,库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《岩石学报》2013年第9期3233-3250,共18页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：中国石油科技研究项目和国家"973"项目(2006CB202307)联合资助

摘　　要：塔里木盆地凝析油气资源丰富,已发现了二十余个凝析气田,包括库车坳陷的陆相油气来源的凝析气田和台盆区海相烃源岩来源的凝析气田;储层有碎屑岩,也有碳酸盐岩;时代自奥陶系至新生代均有分布。这些凝析气田的气油比分布在600~19900m3/m3,凝析油含量40~750g/m3;储层温度在78~155℃;地层压力在37~111MPa。研究认为,塔里木盆地凝析气藏的成因类型可以分为原生凝析气藏和次生凝析气藏。其中,以库车坳陷迪那2凝析气田为代表的煤系烃源岩在高演化阶段（镜质体反射率Ro为1.2%~2.0%）,即凝析油和湿气生成带所形成的原生腐植型凝析气藏或煤成型凝析气藏。次生凝析气藏包括两类：陆相油气来源的多期充注,晚期干气对早期油藏发生混合改造,形成了以牙哈为代表的陆相油气成因的次生凝析气藏;以海相油气来源,多期油气充注与晚期干气气侵,造成蒸发分馏,在运移、聚集和成藏过程中烃体系分异、富化,发生反凝析作用,从而导致次生凝析气藏的形成。随着塔里木盆地勘探向深层转化,地层的温度和压力逐渐增高,烃类演化程度的升高,不同生烃阶段的烃体系混合也将更为普遍,次生凝析气藏也将更为普遍,因此,以海相油气来源的次生成因型凝析气藏将成为勘探的主体。Tarim basin has abundant of condensate gas in which about 20 condensate gas fields have been discovered, including land facies condensate gas field in Kuqia seg and marine facies condensate gas in platform basin. Reservoirs include clastic rock and carbonate rock distributing from Ordovician to Cenozoic. For these condensate gas fields, GOR is 600 - 19900m3/m3 , condensate oil is 40 -750g/m3, reservoir temperature is 78 -155~C, strata pressure is 37 ~ lllMPm According to research, condensate gas in Tarim basin can be divided into primary origin condensate gas reservoir and secondary condensate gas reservoir. Dina2 condensate field in Kuqia seg is in coal series hydrocarbon source rock high evolutionary phase （ vitrinite reflectance Ro is 1.2% ~ 2.0% ）. Secondary condensate gas reservoir have two kinds： muhi-stage charging from land facies and late gas, mixing transformation to early oil reservoir, such as Yaba gas field; multi-stage charging from marine facies and late gas, invasion to early oil reservoir. With the conversion to the deep exploration in Tarim basin, the formation temperature and pressure gradually increased and different stages of hydrocarbon hydrocarbon hybrid system will also be more widespread and secondary condensate gas reservoirs will also be more widespread, so marine oil and gas sources of secondary origin type gas condensate reservoir will become the subject of exploration.

关 键 词：凝析气 温压系统 成因机理 次生凝析气藏 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]