陈鹤琴和蒙台梭利幼儿体育思想之对比研究  

Comparative study on the child physical education thoughts between Chen He-qin and Montessori

作　　者：黄贵[1] 苏永骏[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学体育科学学院,江苏南通226007 [2]南通大学杏林学院,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《山东体育科技》2013年第5期10-14,共5页Shandong Sports Science & Technology

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目(编号:10TYC006);南通大学2012年度人文社会科学前期预研项目(编号:12W78);南通大学人文社会科学研究项目(编号:12W56)

摘　　要：运用文献资料、比较研究和逻辑分析等研究方法,对陈鹤琴和蒙台梭利幼儿体育思想进行对比与分析。主要结论:二者都强调儿童在运动中的直接体验、视体育为幼儿和谐发展不可或缺的组成部分,但教育方式、教师在体育活动中的地位各不相同。陈鹤琴以游戏为儿童主要的教育方式,而蒙台梭利以工作为儿童主要的教育方式;陈鹤琴既肯定了儿童在体育活动中的主动性,又肯定了教师的主导作用,而在蒙台梭利的教育体系中,以儿童的自我教育为主,教师在体育活动中处于被动地位,间接发挥其作用与影响。在贯彻《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》和推进幼儿教育改革与素质教育的今天,应充分认识与挖掘二者幼儿体育思想所具有的多方面现实指导价值——高度重视儿童的早期体育教育,体育活动有机融入幼儿园课程中,体育教学活动中热爱儿童、尊重儿童,师幼在体育活动中建立和谐、融洽的关系。By the documental data, comparative study and logic analysis, etc. , the author compares and analyses the child physical education thoughts between Chen He- qin and Montessori. The main conclusions are as follows. Both of them put emphasis on the direct experience of children in sports and regard physical education as an indispensable part of the harmonious development of children. However, their education mode and the status of the teachers in sports are respectively different. Chen He - qin looked on the game as the main way of education for children, but Montessori regarded work as the main way of education for children. Chen He -qin did not only affirm the ehildreng initiative in sports, but also affirmed the leading role of the teachers. But in Montessori ＂s education system, the main mode of children＇s education is self- education, so the teachers are in a passive position in sports and play their role and influence indirectly. Today when carrying out Guiding Essentials of Kindergarten Education ,promoting child education reform and quality education in China, the various practical guidance value of their child physical education thoughts must be fully recognized and tapped. Early physical education of children should be attached great importance to. Sports should be integrated into kindergarten curriculum organically. Children should be loved and respected in physical education teaching activities. The harmonious relations should be built up between teachers and children in sports.

关 键 词：蒙台梭利 幼儿体育思想 现代价值 

分 类 号：G811.9[文化科学—体育学]