不同盐碱荒漠花花柴植株Na^+、K^+离子分布规律研究  

Na^+ and K^+ ions Distribution of Karelinia caspica in Different Saline-alkaline Deserts

作　　者：刘斌[1] 王吉[1] 蒋静[1] 赵维奇[1] 王丹丹[1] 张霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第9期1632-1641,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31160410);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)课题(2009CB825103)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同盐碱荒漠花花柴植株体内Na+、K+离子分布规律,为探究花花柴对Na+、K+离子的选择性吸收是否具有稳定性,以及Na+、K+离子在植株体内是否存在"拮抗作用"提供资料。【方法】以玛纳斯河流域中下游五种不同盐碱荒漠中的花花柴(Karelinia caspica),以及花花柴群落覆盖下的土壤为研究对象,对其Na+、K+离子含量随时间的动态变化进行分析,并对不同月份、不同样地花花柴各器官的Na+、K+离子含量进行差异性分析。【结果】(1)6~8月,各样地花花柴主茎中的Na+离子含量与对应样地土壤中Na+离子变化趋势相反,叶中的K+离子含量与对应样地土壤中K+离子变化趋势也相反,8~9月,各样地花花柴花器官中的Na+离子含量与对应样地土壤中Na+离子变化趋势相反,而K+离子含量则与对应样地土壤中K+离子变化趋势相同。(2)6~9月,各样地花花柴各器官中Na+含量总体呈现上升趋势,而K+含量呈现下降趋势。(3)各样地花花柴植株中,托叶和叶中的Na+离子要高于其他器官,而K+离子则相反。【结论】(1)花花柴主茎和叶分别对Na+、K+离子选择性吸收具有稳定性,受土壤环境中Na+、K+离子变化的影响不大。而花器官对土壤中的Na+离子选择性吸收具有稳定性,K+离子的吸收则主要依赖于土壤中所提供的K+离子含量的多少。(2)无论在土壤还是花花柴植株器官中Na+、K+呈现出相反的变化趋势,这说明Na+、K+之间的确存在"拮抗作用"。(3)各样地花花柴植株中,Na+离子主要分布在托叶和叶中,而K+离子则分布在主茎、分枝和花中。[ Objective] The project aims to learn the distribution of Na ＋ , K ＋ ions contents in Karelinia caspica in different saline - alkaline deserts and to explore if K. caspica has stability to selecting absorbing Na＋ ions and K＋ ions, and if there is ＂antagonism＂ between Na ＋ and K＋ ions in K. caspica. [Method]This study selected the K. caspica and five different kinds of soils covered by K. caspica which was in the five dif- ferent saline - alkaline deserts of middle and lower areas of Manas River watershed as research materials. This study analysised dynamic change of their Na ＋ , K ＋ ions contents in different months and also conducted differ- ence analysis of sample plots and organs of K. caspica. [ Result ] （ 1 ） From June to August, the trending ofNa ＋ ions contents change in stems of plants was not consist with corresponding sample plots and so was the trending of K ＋ ions contents change in leaves of plants. From August to September, the trending of Na ＋ ions contents change in flowers of plants was not consist with corresponding sample plots but the trending of K ＋ ions contents change was the same. （2） From June to September, the overall trending of Na ＋ ions contents change in different organs of plants in five sample soils displayed increasing rise, but K ＋ ions performed contrary. （3） In the five different sample plots, Na ＋ ions content in stipules and leaves of K. caspica was higher than that in other organs, but K ~ ions content was lower than that in stems, branches and flowers. [ Conclusion ] （1） This could explain that stems and leaves in K. caspica had stability to selecting absorbing Na ＋ ions and K ＋ ions respectively, and the effects from environment were not strong. Flowers also had stability to selecting absorbing Na ＋ ions, but absorption of K ＋ ions was mainly dependent on the soil＇s K＋ ions contents. （2）No matter what was in plants or soils, the counter relationships in Na ＋ and K ＋ ions contents change really showed th

关 键 词：玛纳斯河流域 花花柴 Na+离子 K+离子 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]