伊犁种马场不同畜牧业生产方式下草地资源利用对比分析  

Contrastive Analysis on Utilization of Grassland Resources under Different Animal-husbandry Modes in Yili Stud Farm

作　　者：周小丽[1] 安沙舟[1] 李超[2] 范天文 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆畜牧科学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆伊犁州草原站,新疆伊宁835600

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第9期1686-1691,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆现代化畜牧业试验与示范项目"伊犁河谷现代畜牧业试验示范研究"

摘　　要：【目的】探讨伊犁种马场在不同畜牧业生产方式下草地资源优化利用格局。【方法】全面了解伊犁种马场草地资源现状的基础上,以草地资源学和生态置换理论为指导,对其变革生产方式前后自然资源、社会经济状况进行深入调查收集,对比分析不同生产方式下研究区草地资源利用状况、经济和社会效益。【结果】变革生产方式后,研究区农、牧业产值都明显增加;农牧民牲畜饲养规模也发生了显著变化,相对于变革前,饲养总量减少24.26%,特别是羊的饲养量减少了38.96%。草地生产力逐步提高,草畜基本平衡;同时,家庭人均纯收入为7 506.46元,相比变革前5 291.88元,增长了41.85%。农牧民传统放牧的观念也得到了极大地改变。【结论】伊犁种马场草地资源的利用及经济、生态效益在暖季放牧、冷季舍饲的放牧方式下明显优于传统的四季游牧。[ Objective]The study aims to search for the optimized utilization mode of grassland resources among different grazing schemes. [ Method] Based on the status quo of grassland resources in Yili Stud Farm, guided by the theory of grassland resources and ecology, the utilization status quo of grassland and economic and social benefit in different grazing ways were compared and analyzed by dealing with the sources of natural resources and social -economic status quo. [ Result] The result showed that： after the change of the utilization mode of grassland resources, output value of agriculture and animal - husbandry increased evidently; raising scale of the livestock still displayed a obvious change with decreasing 24.26% of the whole number of raising, especially the number of sheep raised between carrying capacity and actual dropped by 38.96%. And grassland productivity grew with the balance livestock. Meanwhile, per capital revenue reached to ￥ 7,506.46 yuanin comparison with ￥5,291.88 yuan in traditional grazing mode, which was improved by 41.85%. The con- cept of herdsmen g traditional grazing changed sharply. [ Conclusion] Compared with traditional all -season grazing, the utilization and economic and ecological benefit of grassland resources in Yili Stud Farm are obvi- ously better in the mode of grazing in warm seasons and drylot feeding in cold seasons.

关 键 词：草地资源 伊犁种马场 暖季放牧-冷季放牧 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]