垂穗披碱草表型多样性研究  

Phenotypic Diversity of Native Populations of Elymus nutans

作　　者：德英[1] 刘新亮[1] 赵来喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业部草原资源与生态重点开放实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2013年第5期62-68,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B07);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)资助项目(2008-Z-1)

摘　　要：对采集自四川、西藏、甘肃、新疆、青海5个省(区)19个县市的19份垂穗披碱草的24个表型性状进行多样性研究,结果表明:垂穗披碱草24个表型性状的变异系数范围为4.87%～26.35%,变异系数最小的是株高,最大的是第一颖长;株高、穗宽、穗轴第一节间长以及小花数变异系数达到极显著差异(P<0.01);综合茎部、叶部以及穗部的相关分析表明,株高与叶片长宽、茎节间长、旗叶至穗基部长、小花数、小穗数以及种子的长宽呈负相关;影响垂穗披碱草表型分化的主要指标有11个,按作用的大小分别为株高、小穗数、穗宽、内稃长、外稃长、穗下第一节间长、穗长、外稃芒长、旗叶宽、旗叶至穗基部长、旗叶长;聚类分析表明,材料间的亲缘关系主要受海拔和纬度的影响,与地域和生境存在一定的关系。The phenotypic diversity of 19 native populations of Elyrnus nutans collected from 19 coun- ties or cities of Sichuan, Tibet, Gansu, Xinjiang and Qinghai in China were studied based on 24 morpho- logical traits. The results showed the variation coefficient of 24 morphological traits was 4. 87% 26.35%, it had rich phenotypic differentiation, and variation coefficient of plant height was the lowest, the variation coefficient of length of first glume was the h＇ighest. Plant height, ear width, rachis length of the first inter-node and floret number were significant difference （P〈0.01）. Plant height was negatively correlated with leaf length and width, inter-node length, floret number, spikelet number. There were eleven main traits that determined phenotypic variation of Elymus nutans, i,e. plant height, spikelet num- ber, ear width, length of palea, length of lemma, length of the first inter-node under spike, ear length, awn length of lemma, flag leaf width, distance between flag leaf and ear base, flag leaf length. The cluster analysis showed that genetic relationships of materials were affected by not only altitude and latitude, but also regions and habitats.

关 键 词：垂穗披碱草 表型 多样性 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]