不同放牧制度下混播人工草地群落多样性动态  

A Dynamic Study on Community Diversity of Leguminous Grass Mixed Artificial Pasture in Different Grazing systems

作　　者：赵青山[1] 侯向阳[1] 段俊杰[1] 崔艳伟[1] 那日苏[1] 夏明[1] 包赛很那[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2013年第5期80-85,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑课题"草原生产生态生活配套保障技术及适应性管理模式研究"(2012BAD13B07);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"内蒙古农牧交错区人工草地可持续利用模式技术研究"(1610332013018)

摘　　要：在禾本科-豆科混播人工草地条件下,通过划区轮牧和连续放牧制度比较试验,研究放牧制度对草地群落多样性的影响,并探讨以多样性指数评价混播人工草地的群落演替。结果表明:(1)利用第3年,群落Margalef指数、Simpson指数均比前两年高,Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数较第2年明显降低。(2)不同利用方式地上现存生物量和丰富度呈正相关;三种处理地上现存生物量和多样性指数均呈负相关;地上现存生物量和优势度均有明显正相关性;地上现存生物量和均匀度指数均呈负相关。放牧制度、降雨量和利用年限是放牧对草地产生影响的主导因素。The experiment was carried out at leguminous grass mixed artificial pasture, for the dynam- ic study on community diversity in different grazing systems, and a investigation to evaluate mixed artificial pasture to adopt community diversity index. The results showed as follows： （1） In the third year, commu- nity Margalef index, Simpson index were higher than those in the past two years, and Shannon Wiener in- dex, Pielou index were significantly lower than those in the second year. （2） Aboveground biomass in dif- ferent grazing systems was positively correlated with abundance index. The oboveground biomass and di- versity index showed positive correlation in three treatments in 2010, and then became negative correlation in the next two years. The oboveground biomass and dominance index followed significantly positive corre- lations. The oboveground biomass and equitability index were negatively correlated. Grazing system, rain- fall and utilization periods were the dominant factors in the impact of grazing on the leguminous grass mixed artificial pasture.

关 键 词：人工草地 放牧制度 草地群落 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]