禁牧对阿坝县退化草地植被恢复的效用  

Effect of Grazing-prohibited on the Vegetation Restoration of Degraded Grassland in A'ba County

作　　者：纪磊[1] 干友民[2] 刘忠义[2] 王岩春[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2013年第5期108-112,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：川西北牧区"生产生态生活"优化保障关键技术集成与示范(2012BAD13B06)项目资助

摘　　要：2003～2010年对四川阿坝县退牧还草工程禁牧区草地植物群落结构进行了定点研究,结果表明:退牧还草工程禁牧区草地群落的物种丰富度随禁牧年限的增加表现上升趋势,2010年的物种丰富度比2003年增加了7;群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均随禁牧年限的增加呈增加-下降-增加趋势;禁牧期间莎草科植物鲜重占植物群落总鲜重的比重随禁牧年限增加而增加,有毒和杂类草植物比重从2003年到2010年下降了31.26%。把禁牧区与对照区种丰富度、群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数进行样本配对,用符号平均秩检验法(Wilcoxon)进行差异显著性检验得出P值分别为0.0178、0.0116、0.0173,均小于0.05水平,表明禁牧对草地群落结构优化效果明显有利于退化草地的正向演替。Grassland plant communities in grazing-prohibited area of returning farm land to grazing land project in A＇ba County were studied from 2003 to 2010. The results showed that the species richness index was growing up with the year going on in grazing-prohibited area of returning farm land to grazing land. The species richness in 2010 was increased by 7 compared with that in 2003. With the increase of the grazing-prohibited years the Shannon-Wiener Index and Pielou Index of plant community showed low-high- low tendency. Fresh weight of plants in Cyperaceae accounted for the total fresh weight of plant communi- ty increased in grazing-prohibited period, the toxic plants and forks proportion were decreased by 31.26%. The differences in Species Richness lndex, Shannon-Wiener Index and Pielou Index were tested with Wilc- oxon method between grazing-prohibited area and control area, Pvalues were 0. 0178, 0. 0116, 0. 0173 re- spectively （P〈0.05） . These results showed that the effect of grazing-prohibited on the vegetation resto- ration was significant.

关 键 词：退牧还草 禁牧 物种多样性 经济类群 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]