基于OMI数据的中国NO_2时空分布与人类影响分析  

Spatio-temporal Characteristics of NO_2 in China and the Anthropogenic Influences Analysis Based on OMI Data

作　　者：李龙[1,2] 施润和[1,2] 陈圆圆[1,2] 徐永明[3] 白开旭[1,2] 张颉 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学环境遥感与数据同化联合实验室,上海200241 [3]南京信息工程大学遥感学院,南京210044 [4]佛山市气象局,佛山528000

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2013年第5期688-694,共7页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：上海市科委世博专项(10DZ0581600);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB951603);国家自然科学基金项目(41201358)

摘　　要：近年来,空气质量不断恶化,严重威胁人类身体健康。二氧化氮(NO2)作为人类排放的重要污染物之一,实时监测其时空分布及含量,对空气质量研究及公众安全预警具有重要意义。本研究利用搭载在AURA卫星上的OM(IOzone Monitoring Instrument)传感器反演获取的2005年1月至2010年12月中国区的NO2数据,探究了NO2的时空分布特征及其人类影响。结果表明:中国NO2浓度上升趋势显著,6年来总NO2柱浓度(TotNO2)和对流层柱浓度(TropNO2)净增值分别为0.61×1015molec/cm2和0.63×1015molec/cm2,年均增长率为2.47%和5.69%;全国绝大部分地区NO2浓度呈增长趋势,但增长速率在空间上有所差异,表现为东部沿海地区大于西部欠发达地区。在全国尺度上,NO2呈现显著的时空分布差异特征:空间上,总体呈东高西低态势;时间上,东部地区的NO2浓度冬季明显高于夏季,西部地区则相反。最后,对比分析了TropNO2/TotNO2与人类足迹的相关性,结果显示二者间呈显著相关,且冬季最大,夏季最小。同时,分析发现各地地区生产总值和全国汽车保有量与对流层NO2间呈较强相关性。表明人类活动和经济发展是导致大气中NO2增多的主要原因。Recently, the air quality is deteriorating continuously, do serious harm to human health. As one of the major primary pollutants produced by human activities, real-time monitoring of the spatio-temporal characteris- tics of NO2 and its content can make a big difference to the air quality studies and public safety warning. This re- search studied the OMNO2e data between January 2005 and December 2010 from the Ozone Monitoring Instru- ment and the human society factors in China, explored the spatio-temporal characteristics of NO2 in China and the anthropogenic influences on it. The results showed that： the average NO2 column concentration in China has a significant upward trend from 2005 to 2010, the total column concentration in the atmosphere increased by 0.61 x 10~Smolec/cm2, with an average annual growth rate of 2.47%; while the tropospheric column concentration in- creased by 0.63 ~ 10＇Smolec/cm2, with an average annual growth rate of 5.69%. The NO2 column concentration in most areas of China increased rapidly, and the growth rate in eastern China was much greater than the less devel- oped regions in western China. The spatial distribution of NO： in China also shows a significant difference. In general, it presents the characteristic of higher in the east than that in the west. Besides, NO2 column concentra- tion in winter was significantly higher than that in summer in eastern China, but in western, the highest value ap- pears in summer. We also studied the relationship between every season＇ s spatial distribution of TropNOJTot- NO2 and the human footprint. The result showed a good consistency between them： the correlation coefficients between TropNOJTotNO2 and human footprint is maximum in winter, about 0.59; and its minimum value ap- pears in summer, about 0.48. And the number of samples is 56166~2, indicated that the influences from human activities were maximal in winter and minimum in summer. The correlation coefficients between car ownership and TropNO2, gross regional production and TropNO2 h

关 键 词：OMI NO2 时空分布 人类影响 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]