新疆古墓沟墓地人发角蛋白的提取与碳、氮稳定同位素分析  

The extraction and the C, N isotope analysis of hair keratin from Gumugou cemetery in Xinjiang

作　　者：屈亚婷[1,2] 杨益民[1,2] 胡耀武[1,2] 王昌燧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [2]中国科学院大学人文学院科技史与科技考古系,北京100049

出　　处：《地球化学》2013年第5期447-453,共7页Geochimica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05130303);中国科学院-德国马普学会伙伴小组项目(KACX1-YW-0830)

摘　　要：通过对人发角蛋白的碳、氮稳定同位素分析,揭示个体死亡前短期内的食物结构,我国迄今为止尚无任何报道。在观察新疆罗布淖尔古墓沟墓地M5人发组织结构的基础上,采用两种方法提取了人发角蛋白,并对该个体发与骨的δ13C和δ15N值进行了比较分析。研究结果显示,该个体的发组织结构保存较好;尽管酸处理会导致角蛋白C、N含量明显降低,但对其碳、氮稳定同位素比值影响不大;发角蛋白的δ13C值和δ15N值分别为-18.8‰和14.8‰,表明该个体在约250 d内摄取了大量的动物蛋白。与骨胶原的δ13C值(-18.3‰)和δ15N值(15.5‰)相比,发与骨的碳、氮稳定同位素比值非常相近,结合考古资料,可以看出该个体的食物来源一直较为稳定,源自发达的畜牧业。此外,发与骨之间δ13C和δ15N的细微差异,可能与高蛋白含量的食物在转化为体内胶原蛋白和角蛋白过程中发与骨之间碳、氮同位素的分馏效应较小有关。In contrast to bone collagen, the isotopic composition of the hair keratin is representative of food eaten during the period shortly before demise. Currently, the diet revealed by hair keratin has not yet been reported in China. On the basis of the microstructure of ancient hair from M5 of Gumugou cemetery in Luobunor, Xinjiang, we used two methods to extract keratin from hair and compared the δ^13C and δ^15N of hair keratin with that of bone collagen from the same individual. The results showed that the organizational structure of ancient hair was well preserved. Although C, N contents decrease during the process of the acid treatment, the δ^13C and δ^15N of hair keratin were not obviously affected. The δ^13C（-18.8%o） and δ^15N （14.8%o） of keratin indicated that the individual consumed much animal protein in about 250 days before death. There were no significant isotopic differences between the δ^13C （-18.3‰） and 815N （15.5‰） of collagen and that of keratin, coupled with the archaeological data, which suggested that the diet of this individual in origin of developed animal husbandry did not vary distinctly in his whole life. In addition, the slightly different δ^13C and δ^15N between bone collagen and hair keratin were possibly connected to little C, N isotopic fractionation during the transformation from high protein food to collagen and keratin.

关 键 词：古墓沟墓地 碳 氮稳定同位素分析 食谱变化 发角蛋白提取 骨胶原 

分 类 号：P597[天文地球—地球化学]