温度和湿度对蟾蜍生理功能的影响  

The Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Physiological Function in Toads

作　　者：李秀国[1] 李鸿雁[1] 李海东[1] 金文[1] 孟凡 程中姣[1] 庞淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学医学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《四川动物》2013年第5期734-738,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家教育部留学回国项目(教外司留609号)

摘　　要：蟾蜍随机分为室温干燥、室温保湿、低温保湿和低温冬眠组,观察禁食蟾蜍在不同温度和湿度条件下的生存时间、体重变化、心脏活动、腓肠肌收缩功能和坐骨神经干动作电位,探寻能够延长禁食蟾蜍生存时间和机体生理功能维持时间的途径。结果显示,室温干燥组蟾蜍体重自实验第1 d起显著性下降(P<0.01),其它组无显著性变化。室温干燥、室温保湿、低温保湿和低温冬眠组蟾蜍的累计死亡率分别为100%(第6 d)、45.83%(第26 d)、16.67%(第36 d)、0%。除室温保湿组蟾蜍的心脏舒缩幅度自实验第20 d起下降之外(P<0.05),其它组的心肌舒缩幅度和心率无显著性变化。室温干燥组蟾蜍的腓肠肌收缩幅度自实验第1 d开始下降,第4 d起有显著性差异(P<0.05),低温保湿组在第27 d也显著性下降(P<0.05),其他组未发生显著性变化。各组蟾蜍坐骨神经干动作电位未发生显著性改变。充足的湿度和适当降温,尤其保持冬眠,能够延长禁食蟾蜍的生存时间和机体生理功能维持时间。The effects of temperature and humidity on survival time and physiological function of toads were investigated in this study.Toads were randomly divided into four groups： room temperature low humidity,room temperature high humidity,low temperature high humidity,and low temperature hibernation to monitor the life states,body weights,cardiac activity,gastrocnemius muscle contractility and electrophysiological characteristics of the sciatic nerve.Compared to the pretreatment group,body weight of the group in room temperature low humidity decreased significantly（P〈0.01） since day 1 of the experiment,while no significant change was observed in other groups.The cumulative mortality of toads reached to 100%（day 6）,45.83%（day 27）,16.67%（day 36） and 0% in room temperature low humidity,room temperature high humidity,low temperature high humidity,and low temperature hibernation,respectively.No significant change was observed in the force and heart beating rates of all groups except the force in the room temperature high humidity group since day 20（P〈0.05）.Contractility of gastrocnemius muscle was significantly decreased（P〈0.05） in room temperature low humidity group since day 4,while no significant change was observed in other groups.The changes of electrophysilological characteristics of sciatic nerves were not significant in all groups.The survival time and maintaining time of normal physiological function of fasting toads could be prolonged by sufficient humidity and appropriate low temperature,especially in the state of hibernation.

关 键 词：温度 湿度 生存时间 生理功能 蟾蜍 

分 类 号：Q41[生物学—生理学]