紫羊茅不同生长阶段营养成分及其瘤胃降解动态研究  

Nutrients and sheep rumen degradation dynamics of red fescue at different growth stages

作　　者：刘太宇[1] 郑立[1] 李梦云[1] 刘庆华[1] 邓红雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州牧业工程高等专科学校,河南郑州450011

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期33-37,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目(092101110100);河南省世行贷款生态畜牧业项目(WX2010-166-1-1);郑州牧业工程高等专科学校科技创新团队项目(2011014003);郑州市重点科技攻关项目

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同生长阶段紫羊茅营养成分及其绵羊瘤胃降解动态。【方法】以紫羊茅为研究对象,分别测定其4个不同生长阶段(分蘖期、拔节期、开花期、成熟期)的营养成分含量;同时选择装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的小尾寒羊6只,测定紫羊茅各生长阶段常规营养成分的瘤胃降解动态。【结果】1)不同生长阶段紫羊茅各营养物质的含量差异显著(P<0.05);随着生长阶段的推进,粗蛋白(CP)和Ca含量呈下降趋势,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈升高趋势;P含量却在分蘖期、拔节期差异不显著,开花期含量较高。2)分蘖期、拔节期、开花期和成熟期紫羊茅的总氨基酸(TAA)含量分别为15.29%,12.55%,10.60%和7.02%,17种氨基酸含量随着紫羊茅生长阶段的推进逐渐降低,且分蘖期最高,成熟期较低;总必需氨基酸/总氨基酸(TEAA/TAA)、总必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸(TEAA/NEAA)呈现高-低-高-低趋势,TAA/CP呈现高-低-高趋势。3)紫羊茅营养成分在瘤胃中降解的难易程度有极显著差异(P<0.01);随着生长阶段的推进,紫羊茅营养成分的有效降解率极显著下降(P<0.01),都在分蘖期最高,成熟期最低。【结论】综合紫羊茅不同生长阶段营养成分含量及瘤胃降解动态,建议在开花期对紫羊茅刈割利用。[Objective] The study investigated the nutrients and sheep rumen degradation dynamics of red fescue at different growth stages. [Method] Nutrient contents of red rescue at four different growth stages,tillering stage,jointing, flowering and maturity were measured, rumen degradation dynamic of dif- ferent childbearing period nutrients in 6 Small Tail Han sheep with permanent ruminal cannulas was deter- mined. [Result] 1） Nutrient contents of red fescue at different growth stages were different （P^0.05）. CP and Ca contents decreased as the advance of the growth period while contents of DM,NDF and ADF in- creased. P contents at flowering period were high and that at tillering stage and jointing stage had no signif- icant difference. 2） TAA contents of red fescue at tillering stage,jointing stage, flowering stage and maturi- ty stage respectively were 15.29%, 12.55%, 10. 60%, 7.02%, respectively. 17 amino acids gradually de- creased as the advance of growth with the highest contents at tillering stage,and the lowest contents at mature stage. Values of TEAA/TAA and TEAA/NEAA exhibited a ＂high-low-high-low＂ trend and values of TAA/CP exhibited a ＂high-low-high＂ trend. 3） The degrees of difficulty in degrading red rescue nutrients in the rumen were significant different （P%0.01）. With the postponement of fertility,the degradation rates of the nutrients gradually decreased （P%0.01） with the lowest level in tillering stage and the highest in the maturity stage. [Conclusion] Considering the nutrients of red rescue in different growth stages, rumen degradation dynamics and crop yield balance,mowing of red rescue in the flowering stage was recommended.

关 键 词：生长阶段 紫羊茅 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]