连作对糜子抽穗后光合特性和干物质积累的影响  

Effects of continuous cropping on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of broomcorn millet after heading stage

作　　者：崔雯雯[1] 高小丽[1] 马瑞瑞[1] 杨秋歌[1] 马淑蓉[1] 高金锋[1] 王鹏科[1] 冯佰利[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期55-60,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家谷子糜子技术产业体系项目(CARS-07-12.5-A9);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903007)

摘　　要：【目的】探究连作对糜子生长发育及籽粒产量形成的影响,明确导致糜子连作障碍的生理机制,为糜子高产高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以"内糜5号"为试验材料,设置糜子连作和芸豆与糜子轮作(对照)2个处理,分别于抽穗期、开花期、灌浆前期、灌浆后期、成熟期,测定连作、轮作下糜子旗叶光合特性、叶绿素含量、植株主茎绿叶面积和地上部干物质量,并于成熟期测定产量及其构成因素等指标。【结果】(1)连作显著降低了糜子旗叶净光合速率、叶绿素总含量、叶绿素b含量及植株主茎绿叶面积,在抽穗期和开花期影响尤为显著;(2)连作导致糜子抽穗后植株衰老进程加快,籽粒灌浆被迫提前终止,使植株干物质积累量减少、籽粒产量下降。【结论】连作糜子植株早衰和功能叶片光合性能下降是导致籽粒产量下降的主要原因,因此在栽培中应注重合理的轮作倒茬。[Objective] This study aimed to explore the specific impact of continuous cropping on broomcorn millet growth, development and yield of grain formation, and investigate the physiological mech- anisms of continuous cropping broomcorn millet. [Method] ＂Neimi 5＂ was selected as test material with two rotations：kidney bean crop rotation （CK） and continuous cropping. The photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the flag leaf, green leaf area of the main stem, and dry matter accumulation above ground were measured and maturity yield monitor test was conducted in the mature period. [Result] （1） Continuous cropping decreased flag leaf net photosynthesis （Pn）, the flag leaf chlorophyll content, the chlo- rophyll b content and green leaf area of plants main stem of broomcorn millet, especially at heading stage and flowering stage. （2） Continuous cropping increased aging process and the grain filling termination was forced ahead, decreased plant dry matter accumulation quantity and grain yield. [Conclusion] The grain yield of broomcorn millet decreased by continuous cropping was mainly due to the acceleration of aging process and the decline in photosynthetic capacity.

关 键 词：连作 糜子 光合特性 干物质积累 

分 类 号：S516.01[农业科学—作物学]