黄河故道地区砀山酥梨需冷量的研究  

Measurement and evaluation of chilling requirement of Dangshan pear in the old course of the Yellow River area

作　　者：伊兴凯[1] 徐义流[1] 张金云[1] 高正辉[1] 潘海发[1] 齐永杰[1] 雷波 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省砀山县园艺场,安徽砀山235300

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期133-138,144,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：安徽省水果"115"创新团队项目(皖人才办[2011]2号);安徽省农业科学院重点及新兴学科培育项目(12A0303);财政部现代农业生产发展资金项目(皖农财[2009]297号)

摘　　要：【目的】明确砀山酥梨的生理需冷量，探索气候变化对砀山酥梨适宜栽培区域的影响。【方法】2009—2012年，定期采集砀山酥梨自然越冬条件下着生花芽和叶芽的休眠枝条，在人工气候箱内采用清水插枝法培养3周，统计花芽和叶芽的萌芽率，确定满足砀山酥梨花芽和叶芽休眠的日期，依据温度记录数据，计算砀山酥梨在7．2℃模型、0～7．2℃模型、犹他模型下的需冷量。【结果】砀山酥梨花芽的需冷量，0～7．2℃模型为1051h，7．2℃模型为2070h，犹他模型为788CU；砀山酥梨叶芽的需冷量，O～7．2℃模型为1126h，7．2℃模型为2198h，犹他模型为857CU。【结论】结合黄河故道地区冬季温度变化以及3种模型需冷量的变化规律，认为采用O～7．2℃模型确定该地区砀山酥梨的需冷量比较适宜。[Objective] To confirm the chilling requirement of Dangshan pear, the effect of climate change on planting conditions of Dangshan pear was explored. [Method] The flower bud and leaf bud ger- mination date,dormancy branches of flower bud and leaf bud under natural overwintering conditions were periodically collected and cultured for 3 weeks using water cutting method between 2009 and 2012. Accord- ing to the temperature record data,the chilling requirements of Dangshan pear under 7.2 ~C model,0--7.2 ~C model and Utah model were calculated, respectively. [Result] The chilling requirements of Dangshan pear flower bud under 0--7.2 ~C model,7.2 ~C model and Utah model were 1 051 h,2 070 h and 788 CU, respectively. The chilling requirements of Dangshan pear leaf bud under 0--7.2 ℃ model, 7.2 ℃ model and Utah model were 1 126 h,2 198 h and 857 CU,respectively. [Conclusion] In combination with the winter temperature changes and the variations of cold amounts required by three models,the 0--7.2 ℃ model was identified to be the best appropriate to assess the chilling requirement of Dangshan pear in the old course of the Yellow River area.

关 键 词：砀山酥梨 需冷量 黄河故道地区 

分 类 号：S661.201[农业科学—果树学]