常德市2009-2011年手足口病流行病学特征及发病时间圆形分布分析  

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease and Circular Distribution of its Onset Time in Changde City in 2009-2011

作　　者：覃平[1] 聂俊雄[1] 周权[1] 熊伯华[1] 熊慧娟[1] 曾凡权[1] 邓海滨[1] 袁茂祥[1] 黄祎[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省常德市疾病预防控制中心,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2013年第10期1211-1214,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析常德市2009-2011年手足口病的流行病学和病原学特征,探讨手足口病发病时间的规律,为手足口病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对手足口病流行特征进行统计,采用圆形分布法对手足口病发病时间的季节性趋势进行分析。结果常德市2009-2011年手足口病平均发病率为125.45/10万,重症332例,死亡3例,4-7月报告病例占全年总数的66.27%,德山、武陵区、临澧县、鼎城区年发病率高于常德市年平均发病水平,男性发病率(156.75/10万)高于女性(93.21/10万),94.67%的病例集中在出生6个月后至5岁期间,以散居及幼托儿童为主,普通和重症手足口病例中病原类型构成差异有统计学意义,相对于普通病例,重症患者EV71、CoxA16和其它病原类型的RR值分别为:4.67、0.24、0.42;手足口病的发生时间具有一定的集中性,手足口病例发病高峰日期为6月10日,高峰时期为3月22日-8月28日(159 d)。手足口重症的发生时间具有很强的集中性,发病高峰日期为5月26日,高峰时期为4月9日-7月11日(93 d)。结论常德市手足口病的流行具有明显的地区、性别、年龄差异,出生6个月后至5岁儿童是重点人群,手足口病及重症的发生时间具有季节性特点,应针对当地手足口病高峰时期进行有针对性的防控。Objective To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） and explore the regularity of its onset time so as to provide evidence for its prevention and control. Methods De- scriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD, and the seasonal trend of onset was analyzed by using circular distribution analysis. Results The average incidence rate of HFMD was 125.45/100,000 in Changde City from 2009 to 2011, including 332 severe cases and 3 death cases. The cases reported from April to July accounted for 66.27 % of the annual total cases. The top four regions were Deshan District, Wuling District, Linli District, Dingcheng Dis- trict, and their average annual incidence rates were all higher than that in Changde City. The average annual incidence rate in males （156.75/100,000） was higher than that in females （93.21/100,000）. 94.67 % of the patients were scattered children and preschool children aged 6 months to 5 years. There were statistically significant differences in the pathogens detected between common cases and severe cases. As compared with the common cases, the relative risk （RR） for human enterovirus 71 （EV 71）, Coxsackie virus 16 （Cox A16） and other enteroviruse^s was 4.67, 0.24, and 0.42, respectively. The circular distribution analys- is showed that there was a certain central tendency of the incidence rate of HFMI）, with the average peak time on June 10th, and the average peak time zone from March 22rd to August 28th （159 days）. The severe HFMD showed a strong central tendency, with the average peak time on May 26th and the average peak time zone form April 9th to July llth （93 days）. Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Changde City show obvious region, gender and age differences. Children aged 6 months to 5 years are the major high- risk population. The incidence d HFMD and severe HFMD reveals a seasonal feature. We should pay more attention to the

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 圆形分布 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]