综合养殖池塘中三角帆蚌和鱼类肠道细菌的组成  

BACTERIAL COMPOSITION IN THE INTESTINE OF FRESHWATER PEARL MUSSEL AND CO-CULTURED FISHES IN AN INTEGRATED CULTURE POND

作　　者：张涵[1] 周涛[1] 王岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2013年第5期824-835,共12页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家973项目"淡水池塘集约化养殖的基础科学问题研究"课题5:有益微生物对养殖水环境的调控作用及机理(项目编号:2009CB118705)资助

摘　　要：采用PCR-DGGE(PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)方法研究了综合养殖池塘中三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)、银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)、青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)和鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)的肠道细菌组成,并分析了水体中的浮游细菌对鱼、蚌肠道细菌的影响。研究结果表明,三角帆蚌和混养鱼类肠道细菌属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)。其中,三角帆蚌肠道优势菌群为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、志贺氏菌属(Shigella)和分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium),草鱼肠道优势菌群为梭菌属(Clostridium),鳊肠道优势菌群为梭菌属和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas),银鲫肠道优势菌群为不动杆菌属和志贺氏菌属,青鱼肠道优势菌群为梭菌属和不动杆菌属,鳙肠道优势菌群为不动杆菌属和弧菌属(Vibrio)。三角帆蚌与银鲫肠道细菌谱带相似性较高,草鱼与鳊肠道细菌谱带相似性较高,表明鱼类肠道细菌组成特点与食性存在一定的关系。水体浮游细菌优势菌群为类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)。三角帆蚌及鱼类肠道细菌群落与水体浮游细菌群落组成相似性较低,表明水体浮游细菌对三角帆蚌和鱼类肠道细菌优势菌群的影响有限。The bacterial compositions in the intestine of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii and co-cultured fishes （grass carp, Chinese bream, giebel carp, black carp, and bighead carp） in an integrated culture pond were inves- tigated using the method PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE）. The effects of bacteria in water column on intestinal bacteria of the mussel and fishes were analyzed. The results indicated that intestinal bacteria of the mussel and fishes were identified as Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Cyanobacteria and Fusobacteria. The dominant intestinal bacteria varied among the fishes and mussel. The dominant bacteria were Acine- tobacter, Shigella and Mycobacterium in the mussel, and Clostridium in grass carp, and Clostridium and Pseudomonas in Chinese bream, and Acinetobacter and Shigella in giebel carp, and Clostridium and Acinetobacter in black carp, and Acinetobacter and Vibrio in bighead carp. The similarity of intestinal bacterial diversity was high between grass carp and Chinese bream, and between the mussel and giebel carp, which indicated that there were connections between the intestinal bacteria composition and feeding habits of fish. The dominant bacteria in water column was Paenibacillus. The similarity of bacterial diversity was low between water column and intestinal tract of the mussel and fishes, which showed that the effect of bacterioplankton on intestinal bacteria of mussel and fishes was limited.

关 键 词：三角帆蚌 混养鱼类 肠道细菌 浮游细菌 变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE） 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]