燃料/氧化剂比值对ZnO超细粉体形貌和光催化性能的影响  

Effects of Fuel/Oxidant Ratio on Morphology and Photocatalytic Performance of Synthesized ZnO Superfine Powder

作　　者：李家科[1,2] 程凯[1,2] 刘欣[1,2] 王艳香[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷学院材料科学与工程学院,江西景景德镇333001 [2]江西省先进陶瓷材料重点实验室,江西景德镇333001

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2013年第3期299-304,共6页Journal of Ceramics

摘　　要：以蔗糖为燃料、硝酸锌为氧化剂/锌源,采用溶液燃烧法合成ZnO超细粉体。采用XRD、SEM、比表面分析仪、紫外-可见分光光度计等现代测试方法,研究了燃料与氧化剂摩尔比(φ值)对合成粉体的物相组成、微观形貌、比表面积、吸收光谱和光催化性能等的影响。实验结果表明,在点燃温度为500℃时,不同燃料/氧化剂比(φ=0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)均可合成超细ZnO粉体,颗粒平均径向尺寸小于150nm;但其微观形貌、比表面积和光催化性能随φ的不同而变化,当φ=1.5时,所合成的ZnO粉体具有最小平均晶粒尺寸(26.93 nm)、最大晶格畸变率(ε=-3.9×10-3)和最高比表面积(24.83m2.g-1),因而其具有最佳光催化活性,在高压汞灯照射60min条件下,对甲基橙溶液(10mg/L)的降解率可达98.2%,且光催化反应符合一级动力学规律。ZnO superfine powder was synthesized by solution combustion method with sucrose and Zn （NO3）2·5H2O as raw materials. Effects of fuel/oxidant ratio （Ф value） on phase composition, morphology, specific surface area, absorption spectrum and photocatalytic performance of synthesized powder were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, BET, Uv-vis, etc.. The results show that ZnO superfine powder （less than 150 nm in radial dimension） is synthesized with different Ф value （0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0） at the ignition temperature of 500℃. Morphology, specific surface area and photocatalytic performance of synthesized ZnO vary with the change of Ф. When Ф =1.5, synthesized ZnO powder has the smallest average grain size （D= 26.93nm）, the largest lattice distortion （ε= -3.9×10-3） and the highest specific surface area （24.83m2·g-1）. Therefore, the ZnO powder owns the highest photocatalytic activity, and the photodegradation rate of methyl orange （10mg/L） is 98.2% under the high-pressure mercury lamp irradiation for 60 min; besides, the photocatalytic reaction may be described with the pseudo first order kinetics equation.

关 键 词：溶液燃烧法 燃料 氧化剂比值 ZnO超细粉体 微观形貌 光催化性能 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]