元代景德镇瓷业兴盛原因初步探究  

Reasons behind the Flourishment of Jingdezhen Ceramic Industry in Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：吴隽[1] 万能[1] 张茂林[1] 李其江[1] 吴军明[1] 

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷学院,江西景德镇333000

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2013年第3期331-335,共5页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目(编号:10YJC780013);省教育厅人文社科项目(编号:LS1208);省研究生创新专项资金项目(编号:YC2011-S109);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：元代是中国陶瓷史上一个重要和特殊的时代,工艺水平的进步,陶瓷技术的创新,青花和釉里红的兴起等等,都深深影响了明清两代陶瓷的发展。特别是经过元代短短数十年的发展,我国瓷业由宋代"百花齐放"的格局演变为明清时期景德镇"一枝独秀"的局面。本文经分析研究,认为元代景德镇瓷业兴盛有以下几个原因:1、水土宜瓷的自然资源与得天独厚的地理环境;2、能工巧匠汇聚景德镇;3、制瓷工艺大胆的革新与进步;4、浮梁瓷局的建立加强了瓷业管理;5、社会经济秩序稳定,内外需求大力拉动景德镇瓷业的发展。As a crucial era in Chinese ceramic history, Yuan Dynasty, famous for its improvement of the ceramic craftsmanship, innovation in ceramic technology, development of blue and white porcelain and underglaze red porcelain, etc, had profound influence on ceramic evolution in both Ming and Qing Dynasties. More importantly, after experiencing several decades of development in Yuan Dynasty, the native ceramic industry underwent a dramatic transition from its prosperity in all production areas in Song Dynasty to its exclusive flourishment in Jingdezhen alone in Ming and Qing Dynasties. A systematic analysis reveals several reasons behind the prosperity of Jingdezhen ceramic industry： firstly, Jingdezhen was abundant in natural resources and was superior for its geographical environment; secondly, the town gathered plenty of skillful craftsmen; thirdly, edge-cutting innovations were introduced to ceramic making technology; fourthly, the establishment of Fuliang Ceramic Bureau helped strengthen the management of the industry; finally, great market demands at home and abroad as well as stability in society and economy gave substantial impetus to Jingdezhen ceramic industry.

关 键 词：元代 景德镇 瓷业 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]