华北春玉米田施用纳米增效氮肥的增产减排作用初探  

Preliminary Research on the Effects of Applying Nano-synergism Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrous Oxide Emission and Yield of Spring Corn in North China Plain

作　　者：周鹏[1,2] 李玉娥[2] 万运帆[2] 刘利民[3] 刘晓英[2] 姜海生 沈斌 

机构地区：[1]三河市气象局,廊坊065200 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境重点实验室,北京100081 [3]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110866 [4]抚顺市气象局,抚顺113000

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2013年第5期532-537,共6页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2010CB833504)

摘　　要：采用静态箱自动采样监测系统,对生长季内华北平原春玉米田在不同施肥处理下(尿素U、纳米增效碳铵NA、纳米增效尿素NU和不施肥CK)土壤N2O排放通量进行监测,以寻求在相同施氮量条件下既增产又能减少N2O排放的施肥措施。结果表明,不同施肥处理下N2O排放通量存在显著差异(P<0.05),全生育期U、NU、NA和CK处理区的N2O排放总量依次为1.17、0.78、0.70、0.18kgN·hm-2,NA和NU分别比U减少了40%和33%的N2O排放;而玉米产量依次为NU>NA>U>CK,与U相比,NU和NA分别显著高出11%和9%的玉米产量(P<0.05)。可见,与施用尿素相比,在玉米产量显著增加的前提下,纳米增效氮肥具有明显的减排效果。In order to identify the fertilization measures which would reduce N2O emission and increase crop yield under the same level of nitrogen application, the N2O fluxes of spring corn fields in North China plain with different fertilizations（ urea, nano-synergism ammonium, nano-synergism urea and no fertilizer）were measured using automatic sampling and analyzing system based on static chambers and gas chromatography（GC）. Experiment results showed that it existed significant differences （ P 〈 0. 05 ） in the N2O flux among different treatments. During corn growth season, the total cumulation of N2O emission from urea（ U）, nano-synergism urea（ NU）, nano-synergism ammonium（NA） and no fertilizer treatment （CK） soils were 1.17,0.78,0.70 and 0. 18kg N . ha-1, respectively. Compared with the treatment U ,the treatments NA and NU decreased the N2O emission by 40% and 33%. The corn yield with different fertilization followed the order as follows ： NU 〉 NA 〉 U 〉 CK. The corn yield increment in the treatments NU and NA were 11% and 9% （P 〈0. 05 ） , respectively, as compared to the treatment U. It was concluded that nano-synergism nitrogen fertilizer was a better practice to reduce N2O emission with significant yield increment.

关 键 词：纳米增效碳铵 纳米增效尿素 N2O排放通量 N2O排放总量 减排 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]