心理咨询师培训班学员的职业动机与从业意愿  

Career motivations of psychological counseling trainees and their desires to be a counseling psychologist

作　　者：许丹[1] 李强[2] 俞蓉蓉[1] 韩玉伟 黄建德[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学心理学系,杭州310023 [2]南开大学社会心理学系,天津300071 [3]宁波人和心理咨询师职业培训学校,浙江宁波315200 [4]中国人民解放军心理咨询师培训中心,北京100120

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2013年第10期759-765,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨心理咨询师培训班学员的职业动机特征及其与从业意愿的关系。方法:选取天津、郑州、宁波参加心理咨询师职业资格培训的学员509名,采用成为心理治疗师的影响因素修订版(IBT-R)问卷(包含职业利他、追求卓越、自我与人际和谐、人际卷入、职业回报、坎坷道路、人际疏离、他人激励、家庭烦扰、助人榜样)和自编从事心理咨询职业意愿调查表进行测查。结果:88.6%的学员欲从事心理咨询工作,兼职从业意愿得分高于专职[(5.3±1.8)vs.(4.9±1.9),P=0.001];大专及以下学员的专职从业意愿得分高于本科学员[(4.9±1.9)vs.(4.2±2.3),P=0.002];心理学专业学员的专职从业意愿得分高于非心理学学员[(4.7±2.1)vs.(4.1±2.4),P=0.001];教育工作者的兼职从业意愿得分高于无职业和其他职业者[(5.5±1.9)vs.(4.5±2.4),(4.3±2.7),P=0.002、0.045]。职业利他、职业回报、自我与人际和谐、他人激励得分与学员专职从业意愿的相关具有统计学意义(β=0.22、0.18、-0.11、0.11,均P<0.05),兼职从业意愿与职业利他得分呈正相关(β=0.11,P=0.013)。有、无职业学员的从业意愿多元回归方程不同;职业利他、职业回报和他人激励得分高,自我与人际和谐、家庭烦扰得分低的非心理学专业学员的专职从业意愿更强(β=0.30、0.25、0.14、-0.17、-0.16,均P<0.05),职业利他得分高的非心理学学员的兼职从业意愿也较高(β=0.15,P=0.019);而心理学专业学员的从业意愿与动机、经历各因子得分的相关均无统计学意义。结论:心理咨询师培训班学员最重要的职业动机可能是职业利他、自我与人际和谐、职业回报,人际卷入动机较弱。职业利他、职业回报、他人激励对学员的专职从业意愿有促进作用,自我与人际和谐则可能削弱他们的专职从业意愿。学员的职业和专业对动机和从业意愿的关系具有调节作用。Objective： To explore the career motivation characteristics and association with the desire to be a counseling psychologist among psychological counseling trainees. Methods： Totally 509 psychological counseling trainees in Tianjin, Ningbo and Zhengzhou were selected and assessed with the Influences on Becoming a Therapist- Revision （IBT-R） and a self-made questionnaire of desire to be a counseling psychologist. Results： In this sample, 88.6% trainees with a slightly higher desire to work part-time than to work full-time [（5. 3 ± 1.8） vs. （4. 9 ± 1.9）, P 〈 0.01 ], wished to be counseling psychologists. Trainees with junior college education background had much stronger desire to work full-time than those with bachelor degree [（4. 9 ± 1.9） vs. （4. 2 ±2. 3）, P 〈0. 01], so did psychological trainees and non-psychology trainees [ （4. 7 ± 2. 1 ） vs. （4. 1 ± 2.4）, P 〈 0. 01 ]. As for desire to be a part-time counseling psychologist, teaching staffs scored higher than unemployed and other-employed trainees [ （5.5 ± 1.9） vs. （4. 5 ± 2. 4）, （4. 3 ± 2. 7）, Ps 〈 0. 05]. Desire to work full-time was significantly correlated with motivation of professional altruism, occupational reward, self and interpersonal harmony and experience of encour- agement by important person （β = 0. 22, 0. 18, -0. 11, 0. 11, Ps 〈 0.05）, and the desire to be part-time professional was positively correlated with the scores of motivation of professional altruism （β = 0. 11, P 〈 0. 05）. The regression equation showed great discrimination between trainees in and out employment. Non-psychology trainees＇desire to be full-time counseling psychologists was positively correlated with professional altruism, occupational reward and ex- perience of encouragement, but negatively correlated with self and interpersonal harmony and family troubles （β = 0. 30, 0. 25, 0. 14, -0. 17, - 0. 16, Ps 〈 0. 05）. Non-psychology trainees part-time desire was positively correlated with profess

关 键 词：心理咨询师 培训班学员 职业动机 从业意愿 个人经历 职业培训 

分 类 号：C975[经济管理—劳动经济] R192.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]