水旱作物轮作田块土壤中微生物群落结构的PLFA法比较分析  

Comparative analysis of microbial community structures in soils from rice-upland crop rotation fields by PLFA profile technique

作　　者：徐幼平[1] 蔡新忠[2] 祝小祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学分析测试中心,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江省临安市农业技术推广中心,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2013年第5期1056-1061,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省分析测试科技计划项目(2011C37058)

摘　　要：轮作是一项经济和有效的控制土传病害的措施。为进一步明确轮作作用机理,采用磷脂脂肪酸(phospholipid fatty acid,PLFA)谱图分析技术,分析了不同种植模式田块土壤微生物的PLFA构成特征。结果显示,水稻-棉花和水稻-玉米轮作田块中的微生物PLFA总量均高于水稻-水稻连作田块,水稻-水稻连作田块的微生物PLFA总量比连作前水稻田下降。土壤微生物群落结构比较分析结果显示,这些田块土壤中细菌占主导,真菌和放线菌含量次之,原生动物最少。但是,轮作田中每一类微生物含量均高于连作田块,细菌尤为显著。这些结果表明,不同种植模式田块土壤的微生物群落数量和种类均存在着明显差异,水稻-旱作轮作导致土壤微生物群落数量增加,种类发生改变。Rotation is an economical and efficient measure to control crop soil-borne diseases. To further understand its mechanism, in this study, the phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profiles of soils from different cropping fields were analyzed by employing PLFA profiling technique. The results showed that in soils from rice-cotton and rice-maize ro- tation fields, the content of total PLFAs was higher than that from rice-rice continuous cropping fields, which was lower than that of uncontinuous cropping. Results of soil microbial community structure analysis indicated that bacte- ria were predominant, followed by fungi and actinomycetes, in soils from all fields. However, content of each type of microbes, especially bacteria, was higher in soils from rotation cropping fields than that in continuous cropping fields. Collectively, these results revealed that both amount and composition of microbial community varied in soils from different cropping fields, and rice-upland crop rotation increased the microbial amount and significantly altered the microbial composition.

关 键 词：作物轮作 土壤微生物 微生物群落结构 磷脂脂肪酸谱图分析 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学] S154.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]