微地震监测技术及应用  

Technology and Application of Micro-seismic Monitoring

作　　者：金维浚[1] 张衡[1,2] 张文辉[1,2] 段心标[3] 刘伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国石化石油物探技术研究院,江苏南京211103

出　　处：《地震》2013年第4期84-96,共13页Earthquake

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830424);湖北省交通厅科研项目

摘　　要：微地震监测技术涉及近震分析的定位和地壳结构成像,微地震监测各种定位方法要构造不同目标函数,地震定位问题的实质是求目标函数的极小值。全局定位邻近算法(NA)具有不依赖于模型初始值选择,不会收敛于局部极小值,比传统线性近似方法有更高的精度和可靠性。通过地震数据的震相分析,走时拾取反演可以获得地震影响区的地震波速度结构,目前已广泛应用于油、气田勘探开发,以及页岩气开发中;矿山开采中矿震、岩爆,煤与瓦斯突出,承压水突水预测;水利工程建设坝址、边坡稳定性和天然滑坡监测等多个领域。micro-seismic monitoring involves the location of micro earthquakes and tomography of crust structures.Various location methods of micro-seismic monitoring are required to construct objective function,the essence of the location problem is seeking the minimum of the objective function.The global location method,such as neighborhood algorithm （NA） does not depend on the initial value of the model and will not converge to local minima,therefore of higher accuracy and reliability than the traditional linear approximation.Velocity structure around earthquake regions can been obtained from inversion of phase analysis and travel time picks of seismic data.Smaller-scale micro-seismic monitoring has been widely used in oil and gas field exploration,shale gas development.It has also been used in rock boost,coal and gas outburst related with the mine,water inrush forecast,and dam site,slope stability of water power station,natural landslide monitoring.

关 键 词：微地震监测 地震定位 NA算法 监测技术 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学]