白腐菌对水葫芦木质纤维素的降解及对厌氧发酵的影响  

Biological degradation of water hyacinth lignocellulose by white-rot fungi and its influences on anaerobic fermentation

作　　者：范晓娟[1,2] 朱红梅 韩士群[3] 周庆[3] 杨天元[1] 王世梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]苏州市吴江区松陵镇农业服务中心,江苏苏州215200 [3]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2013年第5期1043-1050,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重大科技专项巢湖项目(2012ZX07103-005)

摘　　要：以黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)和糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)2种白腐菌分别对水葫芦木质纤维素进行降解处理,研究2种白腐菌对木质纤维素的降解效果,并测试其处理产物在中温35℃、总固体含量(TS)为8%的条件下厌氧发酵产沼气状况。结果显示:黄孢原毛平革菌和糙皮侧耳这2种白腐菌对木质纤维素均有较强的降解能力,对木质素的降解尤为明显,降解处理30 d,黄孢原毛平革菌对木质素、半纤维素、纤维素的降解率分别为39.42%、16.77%、15.39%,糙皮侧耳对木质素、半纤维素、纤维素的降解率分别为26.92%、14.42%、13.44%;黄孢原毛平革菌对水葫芦降解处理10 d或15 d,单位TS产气量较对照分别提高了48.73%、59.11%,糙皮侧耳预处理较对照分别提高了70.96%、75.05%,产气量与纤维素、木质素含量均呈显著负相关;由于白腐菌降解预处理提高了沼气的产量,相应的也增加了甲烷的产量,黄孢原毛平革菌对水葫芦预处理10 d、15 d,单位TS甲烷产量较对照分别提高了30.53%、35.44%,糙皮侧耳预处理较对照分别提高了54.28%、55.81%;降解期过长则影响产气量和甲烷产量。表明,采用黄孢原毛平革菌和糙皮侧耳这2种白腐菌对水葫芦木质纤维素进行适当时间的降解预处理可以显著提高水葫芦的厌氧发酵效果。Water hyacinth were biologically treated by two white-rot fungi, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleuro- tus ostreatus to degrade lignocellulose, and the effect of degradation on anaerobic fermentation of water hyacinth under the condition of mesospheric temperature at 35 ℃ and 8% content of total solids （TS） was investigated. Both P. chrysosporium and P. ostreatus showed strong degradation abilities for water hyacinth lignocelluloses, especially for lignin. On day 30 of treatment, the degradation rates of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose were 39. 42% , 16. 77% , 15.39% respectively for P. chrysosporium and 26. 92% , 14. 42%, 13.44% for P. ostreatus. The biogas production capacity of water hyacinth pretrea-ted by P. chrysosporium or P. ostreatus for 10 d or 15 d were improved, with gas production being improved by 48.73 % and 59. 11% at day 10 and day 15 for water hy- acinth pretreated by P. chrysosporium, and 70. 96% and 75.05% by P. ostreatus. Biogas production was signifi-cantly negatively correlated with the contents of cellulose and hemicellulose. Methane production was increased by 30. 51% and 35.44% for water hyacinth pretreated by P. chrysosporium for 10 d and 15 d, and 30. 53% and 35.44% by P. ostrea- tus in response to biogas production increase. Gas production dropped over a long time of degradation. In conclusion, both P. chrysosporium and P. ostreatus could improve the anaerobic fermentation of water hyacinth after degradation for an ap- propriate period of time.

关 键 词：水葫芦 木质纤维素 白腐菌 厌氧发酵 沼气 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]