生物质炭施用对韭菜和小青菜吸收富集二嗪磷的影响  

Impact of biochar on accumulation and final residue of diazinon in Allium tuberosum and Brassica chinensis

作　　者：田家良[1,2] 余向阳[2] 沈燕[2] 王冬兰[2] 刘贤金[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院食品质量安全与检测研究所/农业部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室/江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2013年第5期1166-1171,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071719;31201535);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)3090]

摘　　要：为研究生物质炭施用对韭菜和小青菜吸收富集根部施用的5%二嗪磷颗粒剂的影响,在韭菜和小青菜移栽前2周基施生物质炭,分别于移栽后1 d和21 d进行高(0.100 g/kg)低(0.025 mg/kg)2个剂量根部施药处理,移栽后50 d采收,测定地上部分和地下部分农药残留量。结果表明:土壤中的农药通过植物根部吸收而导致地上部的污染,而土壤施用生物质炭抑制了农药的吸收。土壤施用生物质炭含量越高,植株中农药残留越低。当土壤施用生物质炭量分别为0.1%、0.5%和1.0%时,高剂量农药处理组(0.100 g/kg),韭菜叶中农药残留量依次为3.16 mg/kg、2.19 mg/kg和1.84 mg/kg,小青菜叶中残留量分别为4.79 mg/kg、3.45 mg/kg和2.63 mg/kg。相对于韭菜而言,小青菜更容易从土壤中吸收富集二嗪磷,土壤施用农药量为0.100 g/kg时,韭菜和小青菜植株从不添加生物质炭土壤中吸收富集农药量分别为5.19 mg/kg和5.99 mg/kg。The impact of biochar application on the diazinon uptake by Allium tuberosum and Brassica chinensis from soil was investigated. Biochar was applied in soil with different rates two weeks before plant transplanting. Two dosages （0. 100 g/kg and 0. 025 g/kg） of diazinon was applied to the root 1 d and 21 d after plant transplanting. The pesticide resi- due in the aboveground and underground parts of plant were detected 50 d after transplanting. The results showed that pesti- cide residue in soil could lead to the pollution of the aboveground parts through root uptake, and biochar application could suppress the uptake of pesticide. The more the biochar applied, the lower the diazinon residue. When biochar was applied in soil at the rate of O. 1%, 0. 5% and 1.0% and pesticide was applied with the dosage of 0. 100 g/kg, the final residues of dia- zinon were 3. 16 mg/kg, 2. 19 mg/kg and 1.84 mg/kg respectively in Allium tuberosum, and 4. 76 mg/kg, 3.45 mg/kg and 2. 63 m2/k2 resnectivelv in Brassica chinensis. Comoared to Allium tuberosum, Brassica chinensis tended to uptake more diazi-non from soil. The residues of pesticide in Allium tuberosum and Brassica chinensis, cultivated in soil applied with diazinon at the concentration of O. 100 g/kg, were 5.19 mg/kg and 5.99 mg/kg, respectively.

关 键 词：二嗪磷 生物质炭 韭菜 小青菜 农药残留 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]