北方沿海翡翠贻贝人工育苗技术研究  

Artificial breeding of green mussel Perna viridis in North China coast

作　　者：杨鹏[1] 闫喜武[1] 张跃环[2] 刘振[1] 梁健[1] 迟吉祥[1] 杨凤[1] 张国范[3] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院辽宁省贝类良种繁育工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广东广州510301 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物技术研发中心,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2013年第5期456-461,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-48);国家“863”计划项目(2012AA10A400)

摘　　要：于2011、2012年,在大连对翡翠贻贝Perna viridis室内人工育苗技术进行了初步研究,成功培育出壳长为4.5～10.0 mm的稚贝6 500万个。比较了不同培育密度(5、10、15、20、30、50个/mL)和饵料种类(小球藻、湛江等鞭金藻和小球藻与湛江等鞭金藻的混合饵料)对翡翠贻贝幼虫生长的影响,并分析了在4种附着基(聚乙烯网片、波纹板、聚乙烯网衣、聚乙烯吊绳)和无附着基条件下的采苗效果。结果表明:随着培养密度的增大,幼虫生长速度下降,存活率减小,变态率降低,变态时间延迟;在室内幼虫培育期间,用小球藻与等鞭金藻的混合饵料比单一饵料的投喂效果理想,单一饵料投喂中等鞭金藻效果较好;在幼虫变态过程中,聚乙烯网片的采苗效果最理想,其次为波纹板,无附着基的采苗效果最差。Artificial breeding of green mussel Perna viridis was carried out in an indoor tank and 65 000 thousands of spats with shell length of 4.5-10.0 mm were produced during both 2011 and 2012, and the impacts of stocking density （5, 10, 15,20, 30, and 50 ind./mL）, alga species （Isochrysis zhanjiangensis, Chlorella saecharophila, and both mixture）and settlement substrates （polyethylene twine, rugged plastic plate, and polyethylene cable） on larval growth and attachment were studied. Results showed that the larva growth, survival, and metamorphic rate were found to be decreased, and postponed metamorphosis with the increase in breeding density. During the indoor rearing, the larvae fed the mixture of both algae （Isochrysis zhanjiangensis ： Chlorella saccharophila = 1 ： 1 ） showed better growth performance than the larvae fed the single larva did. In the single alga groups, Isochrysis zhanjiangen- s/s had ideal effects. The maximal metamorphic rate was observed in the polyethylene twine settlement substrate, followed by rugged plastic plate, and the minimum in free settlement substrate as a control group during metamor- phic period.

关 键 词：翡翠贻贝 人工育苗 培育密度 饵料种类 附着基 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]