根系修剪对苹果树根系活力及冠层特性的影响  

Effect of Root System Pruning on Root Activity and Canopy Characteristics of Apple Tree

作　　者：张文[1] 朱雪荣[1] 李卫[1] 李丙智[1] 范崇辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第20期10-13,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业(苹果)技术体系资助项目(MATS);农业部行业计划资助项目(nyhyzx07-024);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAK31B01-04)

摘　　要：以18a生矮化中间砧"长富2号"苹果树为试材,研究了秋季、萌芽期及花后根剪处理对苹果树根系活力、冠层特性及叶片质量的影响,以探讨苹果树适宜的根剪时期。结果表明:根系修剪提高了根系活力与叶片磷、钾营养,减小了叶面积指数,有利于树体通风透光,但降低了叶片质量;秋季根剪在生长季前期根系活力高,叶倾角小,叶片质量相对较好;萌芽期根剪生长季中后期根系活力高,叶面积指数小,增加树冠透光率。综合分析认为,秋季和萌芽期根剪对提高苹果树根系活力与冠层特性较为适宜。Taking 18-year-old ＇Changfu II＇ apple tree with dwarfing interstock as experimental material,the effect of root system pruning at different periods such as autumn, germination stage and post-anthesis on root activity, canopy characteristics and leaf quality were studied, in order to investigate suitable period of root system pruning. The results showed that root pruning improved root activity and leaf P and K content, decreased leaf area index and improved environment on light and wind, but reduced leaf quality. Root activity was higher in early growing season, mean leaf angle was small,and leaf quality was relatively high of autumn root pruning;germination stage root pruning was conducive to decrease leaf area index, increase light transmittance and root activity was higher in middle and late growing season. Comprehensive analysis showed that autumn and germination stage root pruning were more suitable for improving root activity and canopy characteristics.

关 键 词：苹果 根系修剪 根系活力 冠层特性 叶片质量 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]