不同产地厚叶岩白菜花部特征变化及其结实性差异研究  

Study on Floral Characteristic Changes and Fecundity Differences of Bergenia crassifolia(L.)Fritsch in Different Places

作　　者：蔡君仪[1] 尹林克[2] 杨美琳[3] 王晓军[4] 陈艳瑞[4] 王健 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院,干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [4]中国科学院新疆理化研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [5]阿勒泰地区林业科学研究所,新疆阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第20期56-60,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑计划资助项目(201231109)

摘　　要：于2012年4～8月分别以喀纳斯湖旁的野生居群和阿勒泰市、奎屯市及乌鲁木齐市人工栽培居群的厚叶岩白菜为试材，进行开花物候过程观测，研究不同产地厚叶岩白菜花部形态特征、结实特性以及环境变化对其开花生物学特性的影响。结果表明：引种厚叶岩白菜的花期为4月初～5月中旬，野生的花期为5月中旬～6月底至7月初；引种厚叶岩白菜的花葶较矮、花朵较大、花萼也较大，但雄蕊花药较短，且花葶高及花瓣长差异极显著；通过显著性相关分析得知，引种与野生厚叶岩白菜在花期以及花部综合特征上的差异主要与海拔、年均温、年降水量及年蒸发量有关；引种厚叶岩白菜的果实相对于野生的较小，但种子却较重，且败育率也最高。该结果对于深入探索厚叶岩白菜的繁殖生态学特性和其园林绿化和园艺栽培提供了重要的理论依据。In 2012, from April to August, the flowering phenology process of Bergenia crassifolia （L.） Fritsch in Kanas Lake,Altay City,Kuitun City and Urumqi was observed respectively, the effect of floral characters, focundity, and environment changes on blossom biology characteristics of Bergenia crassifolia （L.） Fritsch were stuided. The results showed that the blooming period of introduced Bergenia crassifolia （L.） Fritsch was in early Spring to middle May while the blooming period of wild ones was in middle May to late June or early July. Compared with wild ones ,introduced ones had shorter and larger scapes,larger calyxes and shorter anthers stamen. Their scape height and petal length difference were extremely significant, which was related to altitude,mean annual temperature,annual precipitation and annual evaporation. The fruit of introduced ones was smaller than that of wild ones, with heavier seed and higher abortion rate. These results had provided a theoretical basis for deep search for the reproductive ecology characteristics of Bergenia crassifolia （L.） Fritsch and its use in urban landscaping and horticulture.

关 键 词：厚叶岩白菜 花部特征 果实大小 种子数量 败育率 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]