转型期俄罗斯区域经济发展空间差异研究  

RESEARCHES IN THE SPATIAL DISPARITY OF RUSSIA' S REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ITS TRANSFORMATION PERIOD

作　　者：冯春萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心&科技创新与发展战略中心,上海200062

出　　处：《人文地理》2013年第5期117-122,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师大俄罗斯研究中心基地重大项目(11JJDGJW002)

摘　　要：本文从区域地理的视角,通过对俄罗斯转型以来的经济地带、基本经济区、联邦区和联邦主体四个不同层面的区域经济发展空间差异的现状进行动态分析,得出俄区域经济发展差异具有三个鲜明的特征:一是无论在其经济整体下降或增长的同时均伴随着区域之间经济发展差异的绝对或相对扩大过程;二是区域之间经济发展空间差异反映了市场经济在不同区域的作用,即在市场条件基础较好和资源性外向型经济发展有利的区域经济增长优于其他区域;三是形成了大量的"低水平塌陷"区域,即经济指标低于全俄平均数的问题区域数量多,覆盖面大。在此基础上,从自然因素、市场发育水平、体制因素以及社会历史因素等方面探讨了各因素在区域经济发展中的不同作用。The spatial disparity of regional economic development is the outcome of imbalance of economic development between regions. As the largest country in the world, Russia incorporates a wide range of environments and social and economic development levels. Disparity of regional economic development had long been an obstacle to Russia＇s unification and stability. From regional geographic perspective, the article makes comprehensive analysis of the current spatial disparity of the regional economic development of Russia＇ s economic zones, basic economic districts, federal districts and federal subjects in its transformation period. The article thus summarizes that the disparity of Russia＇s regional economic development has three significant features： Firstly, the economic development disparity between regions is getting bigger in both definite and relative terms, no matter the overall economy is growing or declining; Secondly, the spatial disparity of economic development between regions reflects the effect of market economy in different districts - the economic growth is faster in districts that has better market infrastructure or is better at resource export-oriented economy than other districts; Thirdly, there emerged many ＂subsidence areas＂,whose economic indexes are substantially lower than the Russian average. Then the article goes further to explore the effect of different factors on spatial economic development, like nature environment, industrial structure, institutional infrastructure, the ＂reverse stream＂ phenomenon in economic transformation period, local policy, etc. Based on the analysis above, the author draws the conclusion that Russia should combine state intervention with market mechanism to stop the enlarging of regional disparity, and there＇s a long way to go.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 经济转型 区域经济 空间 差异 

分 类 号：K901.4[历史地理—人文地理学]