河流水污染应急监测演练标示物释放模型  

River-water pollutant marker release model in environmental monitoring emergency rehearsal

作　　者：颜涛[1] 潘光[1] 王东安[1] 李恒庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省环境监测中心站,济南250101

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2013年第5期95-98,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：为了在应急演练中使用真实污染标示物进行实战性监测,提高环境应急监测的水平,建立了河流水污染物释放模型。该模型规定了应急演练场景、污染标示物的选择原则、演练河流的选择原则、污染标示物释放方式及释放量等。以三氯化铁为释放标示物,选择孝妇河和胜利河为演练河流进行比较试验。结果表明,三氯化铁释放量为2.18 m3/h时,孝妇河终监测点位范公桥Fe3+质量浓度为2.84 mg/L;三氯化铁释放量为1.44 m3/h时,胜利河四马桥Fe3+质量浓度为3.48mg/L,均能满足演练要求。两次试验相比,胜利河中三氯化铁沉降系数小,更适合作为演练河流。This paper aims to establish a river-water pollutant marker release model in environmental monitoring emergency drilling. For this purpose, we have first of all defined the emergency drilling scene, the principle for selecting the pollution marker and the rivers for drilling, the setting of the releasing and monitoring points, the re- leasing markem＇ choice as well as the number of the releasing mark- ers for the model. The above items have been decided in the following manner： we have chosen ferric chloride as the pollutant marker, Xi- aofu River and Shengli River to be the drilling rivers. Later, we have determined the background values of concentration of ferric ion of the two drilling rivers through phcnanthroline spectrophotomctry, and worked out the theoretical releasing number of pollutant markers of the two drill rivers vht the formula of the theoretical releasing number which had been found in the pollution marker releasing model with the sediment ratio of the pollutant markers supposed to be 0.50. The monitoring results we have gained show that both the two drillings fail to reach the expected concentrations under the theoretical releasing number of the pollutant markers for the reason that the ferric chloride mostly precipitated and the sedimentation coefficients exceeded 0.50. The releasing amount of the ferric chloride failed to increase until both the rehearsals reached enough concentration of the ferric ions. In ad- dition, we have found that the real sedimentation coefficient of the pollutant marker could be worked out by using the monitoring results under the releasing numbers drilling. Comparing the results in the ex- periments with the two rivers, it can be found that, though the water torrent flowing rate of Shengli River is 2.71 times as fast as that of Xiaofu River, the latter is 1.51 times as serious in drilling releasing amount of the ferric chloride pollutant marker as the former, because of the sediment coefficient per km of Xiaofu River is 2.44 times as serious as that of Shengli Ri

关 键 词：环境工程学 环境应急 污染标示物 三氯化铁 释放模型 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]