中国24个县的基层预防接种人员对乙型病毒性肝炎相关知识和态度的调查分析  

The Investigation on Knowledge and Attitude of Hepatitis B of Vaccination Staffs in 24 Counties of China

作　　者：缪宁[1] 王富珍[1] 陈园生[1] 郑徽[1] 吴振华[1] 龚晓红[1] 崔富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2013年第4期329-331,354,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：卫生部/全球疫苗和免疫联盟合作项目

摘　　要：目的了解基层预防接种人员对乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)相关的知识和态度,为开展基层预防接种人员培训提供参考。方法采取分层多阶段抽样方法,将全国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)分为东、中、西部地区3层,在各层抽取8个县;在每个县随机抽取县医院或妇幼保健院、10个乡级医院。从医院抽取负责人(预防接种的管理者)和预防接种人员,对上述人员进行预防乙肝相关知识和态度调查。结果预防接种人员对乙肝病毒的感染途径和预防乙肝的措施回答正确率分别为71.93%和58.61%。对各种疾病的认识中,认为乙肝的危害性要低于获得性免疫缺陷综合征、严重急性呼吸综合征、脊髓灰质炎和甲型H1N1流行性感冒。所有预防接种人员认为乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)应及时接种,>95%的预防接种人员认为HepB安全有效。结论随着对预防接种人员培训的开展,对HepB的接受程度较好,但对乙肝相关知识掌握较差,应加大对预防接种人员乙肝知识的培训力度,提高知晓率。Objectives To understand the knowledge and attitude of expanded program for immunization （EPI） staffabout hepatitis B and vaccination, and hence to provide the reference for the propaganda and training in vaccination clinics. Methods Eight counties were selected from eastern, central and western region of China respectively （Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province were not included）. County hospitals, maternity and child care centers and 10 township hospitals were selected from each county. The people in charge of hepatitis B vaccination were investigated by self-designed questionnaire. Results Hepatitis B was considered less dangerous than acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome, poliomyelitis, and influenza H1N1 flu. The knowledge level of medical staff about prevention measures was low. The correction of hepatitis B infection route and prevention measures was 71.93 % and 58.61% respectively. All the medical staff considered that hepatitis B vaccine should be administrated on time and more than 95 % of the medical staff believed that hepatitis B vaccine was safe and effective. Conclusion As the propaganda and training is developing, the acceptance of medical staff to hepatitis B vaccine is good. But the knowledge level of prevention was low. More training should be conducted.

关 键 词：预防接种人员 乙型病毒性肝炎 知识 态度 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]