中国黄土高原半湿润地区陆面温、湿特性及辐射收支特征研究  

Study on Soil Hydrothermal Property in Semi-Humid Region of Loess Plateau

作　　者：王兴[1,2] 张强[3] 王胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]西北区域气候中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《高原气象》2013年第5期1272-1279,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830957);国家自然科学基金项目(41075009);干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM2013013)

摘　　要：利用黄土高原陆面过程试验研究项目平凉试验站的观测资料,经过质量控制用于研究黄土高原半湿润区土壤温湿特性及地表辐射平衡。结果表明,在8、9月前后土壤温度从地面到深层由增温型变成冷却型,在2月前后由冷却型向增温型过渡。由于枯水年的连续出现,平凉试验站在2010年3月之前存在明显的土壤干层,4月后该干层消失,这种明显的季节性浅层土壤干层是黄土高原塬区与其他地区的不同之处。与干旱荒漠区的敦煌和黄土高原半干旱区的定西对比可知,黄土高原半湿润区平凉的净辐射远大于敦煌,也比定西偏大,说明平凉对太阳辐射的吸收能力比敦煌和定西都强,更有利于植被生长。四季典型晴天反照率的日变化显示,冬季反照率日变化幅度最小,夏季最大,春、秋季的变幅介于中间。Soil hydrothermal property and ground energy balance in semi-humid region of loess plateau were evaluated by utilizing the quality controlled data from Pingliang experimental station. The research indi- cates that the soil temperature changes from storage type before August and September to expenditure type after August and September, it reverse before and after February. Dry soil layer is found before March 2010 at 40 cm depth, it disappeared after April 2010. This obvious seasonal shallow dry soil layer is the difference with other places. Comparing with Dunhuang in arid desert region and Dingxi in semi-arid region of loess plateau, the net radiation of Pingliang is much higher than Dunhuang, it also a little higher then Dingxi, this suggests that the solar radiation absorptive capacity of Pingliang is larger than that of Dun- huang and Dingxi, it is beneficial to vegetation. Diurnal albedo variation in typical clear day of four seasons shows that change range in winter is the smallest, the summer is the biggest, spring and autumn is be- tween winter and summer.

关 键 词：干土层 陆面过程 黄土高原 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]