长江口滨岸及近海水体中胶体的分布和理化性质研究  

Distribution and Physicochemical Properties of Aquatic Colloids in the Yangtze Estuarine and Coastal Ecosystem

作　　者：顾丽军[1] 杨毅[1] 刘敏[1] 聂明华[1] 李涛[1] 侯立军[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理系,教育部地理信息科学重点实验室,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第11期4195-4203,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271473;40901256);中央高校基本科研业务费专项;华东师范大学大型精密仪器设备开放基金项目

摘　　要：利用切向流超滤技术（CFUF）分离出长江口滨岸及近海水体中的胶体，并对其稳定性和物质组成进行了定量分析．结果表明，XP和WSK胶体的尺寸和Zeta-电位随pH的升高而减小，XP、WSK胶体的等电点分别出现在pH〈2、pH=3．8；所采水样的胶体有机碳（COC，M，1×10^3-1μm）浓度为7．7—35．7μmol·L-1，占总溶解有机碳（DOC）的7．1％～41．7％；三维荧光光谱（3DEEM）分析发现研究区出现类色氨酸荧光峰、类紫外富里酸荧光峰和类腐殖质荧光峰；胶体态Na、Mg、K、Ca、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Li、Mn、Ni平均分别占溶解态的0．33％、5．7％、0．975％、1％、7．2％、7％、11．9％、15．7％、5．5％、10．5％、11．3％．Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Li、Mn、Ni与COC的结合能力大于Na、Mg、K、Ca．相关分析表明，胶体的尺寸、DOC、真溶解有机碳（UOC）与盐度呈负相关，COC与盐度无线性关系，胶体态痕量金属（Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Li、Mn、Ni）总浓度与COC呈线性关系．Cross-flow ultrafihration （CFUF） technique was applied for isolating colloids from waters in the Yangtze estuarine and coastal ecosystem. The stability and physicochemical properties of colloids were analyzed quantitatively. Colloidal size and Zeta- potential at XP and WSK station decreased with the increasing pH, and reached the point of zero charge at pH 〈 2 and pH 3.8, respectively. The colloidal organic carbon （COC） concentration in the collected samples was 7.7-35.7 μmol. L-1, occupying 7.1% - 41.7% of the total dissolved organic carbon （DOC）. Three-dimensional excitation/emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy （3DEEM） was used to analyze the samples and the results showed tryptophan-like fluorescence peaks, UV fulvic-like fluorescence peaks and humic-like fluorescence peaks. Concentrations of colloidal Na, Mg, K, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn and Ni accounted for 0.33%, 5.7%, 0.975%, 1%, 7.2%, 7%, 11.9%, 15.7%, 5.5%, 10.5% and 11.3% of the dissolved phase in average, and the binding capacity of Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni with COC was generally higher than that of Na, Mg, K, Ca. There were significant correlations between colloidal size and salinity, between DOC and salinity, and between UOC and salinity, but no linear relationship between COC and salinity was found. The total concentration of trace metals （Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni） and COC showed a linear relationship.

关 键 词：长江口 胶体 胶体有机碳 荧光物质 痕量金属 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]