近代国人对郑成功形象的塑造与精神的传承——以报刊文献中的郑成功传记为中心  

On Shaping the Image and Inheriting the Spirit of Zheng Chenggong in Modern China——Based on the Biography of Zheng Chenggong from Newspapers and Periodicals

作　　者：陈忠纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学台湾研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾研究集刊》2013年第5期69-77,共9页Taiwan Research Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"社会转型;抗击外侮与近代化建设--晚清台湾历史映像(1840-1895)"(11BZS088);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"近代以来台湾社会转型研究"(12JJD810002)

摘　　要：晚清以前,郑成功正面至多是以"遗民忠义"的"忠烈"形象受人景仰。19世纪末20世纪初,随着西方民族主义思潮的传入,革命者开始用近代民族国家的视角重新塑造和认识中国既往的历史。郑成功因其"排满驱荷开拓台湾"的历史功绩及极富传奇色彩的生平,尤被晚清革命者所看重。在后者的阐释下,作为"反清英雄"的代表人物之一,郑成功形象发生"近代转型",既迎合了反清革命宣传的需要,又是重构民族历史的重要组成部分。民国成立后,郑成功的英雄形象融入了国人的历史记忆之中,因应时代的需求,一直成为激励国人奋发图强、救亡图存的精神资源。抗战胜利后,郑成功又被作为光复台湾的精神象征而受到国人的进一步推崇。Before the late Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong had been esteemed and admired as an image of the ＂martyr＂ of adherents of loyalty. At the end of nineteenth century and early twentieth Century, with the introduction of western nationalism, revolutionaries began from a modern national perspective to reshape and understand the previous history of China. Due to his historical merits and legendary life in fighting against Qing Dynasty and expelling the Holland aggressors, Zheng Chenggong was particularly praised and valued by the revolutionaries at that time. In the revolutionaries＇ interpretation, as one of the represent- atives of the anti-Qing hero, his mage transformation in modern times had taken place, which not only met the need of the anti- Qing revolutionary propaganda, but also constituted again an important part of the national history. After the founding of Re- public of China, the heroic image of Zheng Chenggong became engraved on the historical memory of the Chinese people, which, because of the demand of the times, has been turned into the spiritual resources that are always inspiring our people to work harder and to save our nation from subjugation. In addition, thanks to his special status between the two sides, Zheng Chenggong, known as a spiritual symbol of the recovery of Taiwan, has been esteemed and admired more than ever before by the Chinese people.

关 键 词：郑成功 民族主义 遗民忠义 民族英雄 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]