2010-2012年院内金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况分析  

Drug resistance analysis of staphylococcus aureus in our hospital （Years 2010 ～ 2012）

作　　者：陈尧[1] 王清云[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省蚌埠市第一人民医院检验科,233000

出　　处：《淮海医药》2013年第6期490-491,共2页Journal of Huaihai Medicine

摘　　要：目的对本院3年来金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况进行分析,并且对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)与甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)的耐药性差异做对比,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法对临床分离的442株金黄色葡萄球菌,采用PHOENIX100全自动微生物分析仪和WHONET软件,按照美国实验与临床标准协会(CLSI)的标准对金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况进行回顾性分析。结果 3年内共分离金黄色葡萄球菌442株,其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)281株。分离出金黄色葡萄球菌的标本中以痰标本为主,占68.0%,其次为分泌物和血液。除万古霉素、利奈唑胺、奎奴普丁/达福普丁外,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)对其余抗菌药物的耐药率均高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除万古霉素、利奈唑胺、奎奴普丁/达福普丁保持较低的耐药率外,其余常规抗生素的耐药率均保持在30%以上。结论耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)对大部分抗菌药物仍维持较高的耐药率,应定期监测临床标本中分离的金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率,合理使用抗菌药物,延缓金黄色葡萄球菌临床株耐药性的增长,控制医院感染的发生及暴发。Objective To analyze drug resistance situation of staphylococcus anreus in our hospital in the past three years, compare methicillin-resistant staphylococcus anreus （ MRSA ） and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus anreus （ MSSA ） in drug resistance so as to provide basis for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods 442 strains of clinically isolated staphylococ- cus anreus were retrospectively analyzed in terms of drug resistance, using Phoenix 100 automatic microorganism analyzer and Whonet software, based on the standards set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute （ CLSI ） of the United States. Re- sults A total of 442 strains of staphylococcus anreus were isolated, including 281 strains of MRSA. Sputum was the main source of specimens, accounting for 68.0% , followed by secretions and blood. Except for vancomycin, linezolid and quinupris- tin/dalfopristin, MRSA manifested a higher drug resistance rate against the other antibacterials than MSSA. The difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Apart from vancomycin, linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin, which maintained a relative low resistance rate, all the other conventional antibiotics keep the resistance rate at over 30%. Conclusion MRSA still main- tains a high resistance rate against most antimicrobial drugs. For staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens ,its re- sistant rate should be regularly monitored and rational use of antimicrobial drugs should be advocated so as to delay the growth of clinical antidrug staphylococcus aureus strains and prevent the occurrence of hospital infection.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 耐药性 抗菌药 

分 类 号：R378.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]