工业噪声性听力损失动物模型的构建与应用  

Establishment and application of Guinea pig model of industrial noise induced hearing loss

作　　者：熊小雄[1] 王军义[1] 邹志方[1] 夏源[1] 谢秀丽[1] 吴燕兰[1] 王海涛[2] 张敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东药学院公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [2]广州市职业病防治院,广东广州510630

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2013年第5期332-334,F0003,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：广东省大学生创新训练项目(编号:1057312041)

摘　　要：目的构建工业噪声性听力损失动物模型。方法将50只雄性豚鼠随机分为5组,除对照组外其余4组分别予以85 dB(SPL)、95 dB(SPL)、105 dB(SPL)和115 dB(SPL)的模拟稳态工业噪声暴露28 d(6 h/d),于暴露前及暴露后7 d分别进行听性脑干反应(ABR)检测,以评价各组豚鼠噪声暴露后的听阈位移水平,暴露后取豚鼠耳蜗观察毛细胞的病理学变化。结果对照组及各噪声暴露组豚鼠听阈位移水平变化均表现出明显不同,平均听阈位移水平对照组为0.00 dB、85 dB(SPL)暴露组为6.75 dB、95 dB(SPL)暴露组为13.25 dB、105 dB(SPL)暴露组为21.50 dB、115 dB(SPL)暴露组为28.00 dB,听阈位移水平变化随着噪声暴露强度的增强而增加,不同组间差别有统计学意义(F=319.995,P=0.00);病理学观察发现耳蜗毛细胞结构随着噪声暴露强度的增加而损伤程度加重。结论模拟工业噪声性听力损失的豚鼠模型构建成功,它将为职业噪声性听力损失的发生机制及干预提供良好的研究平台。Objective To establish guinea pig model of industrial noise-induced hearing loss. Methods 50 healthy male guinea pigs were randomly divided into 5 groups （every group for 10 guinea pigs） ： control group （Without noise exposure）, 85 dB（SPL） group, 95 dB（SPL） group, 105 dB（SPL） group and 115 dB（SPL） group; every group was exposed to simulated industrial steady noise for 26 days （6 h/d） except the control group, then the ABR analysis was made before noise exposure and after 7 days of stopping noise exposure to evaluate the shift level of hearing threshold in each group meanwhile, the morpho- logical changes of hair ceils in Cochlea after noise exposure was also observed. Results It was found that the mean shift level of hearing threshold were O. O0 dB, 6.75 dB, 13.25 dB, 21.50 dB and 28.00 dB in control group, 85 dB（SPL） group, 95 dB （SPL） group, 105 dB （SPL） group and 115 dB （SPL） group, respectively, showing a progressively increasing trend with noise exposure intensity, the differences were significant （F =319.995, P =0.00） ; the morphological study also showed that the damage degree of hair cell was gradually aggravted with the expaosure density of noise. Conclusion The results suggested that Guinea pig model of industrial noise induced hearing loss was successful, which would provide a good platform for studying the mechanism and intervention of occupational noise induced hearing loss.

关 键 词：噪声性听力损失(NIHL) 稳态噪声 声压级(SPL) 听性脑干反应(ABR) 豚鼠 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]