热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛生产性能和血清激素浓度的影响  

Effects of Heat Stress on Performance and Serum Hormone Concentrations of Dairy Cows at Different Lactation Stages

作　　者：宋代军[1] 何钦[1] 姚焰础[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市畜牧科学院动物营养研究所,重庆402460

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第10期2294-2302,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903003);重庆市科委一般攻关项目(CSTC;2011AC1146)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛生产性能、血清激素及热休克蛋白70浓度的影响。试验采用二因子完全交叉(3×2)设计,选用胎次相近、3个不同泌乳阶段(泌乳前、中、后期)的荷斯坦奶18头,每个阶段6头;设计2个热应激期(热应激期与非热应激期)。结果表明:热应激显著降低了奶牛产奶量(P<0.05),极显著降低了奶牛干物质采食量(P<0.01);与非热应激期相比,奶牛在热应激期血清胰岛素、胰高血糖素、甲状腺素、瘦素浓度有下降的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05),三碘甲腺原氨酸、皮质醇和催乳素浓度均极显著下降(P<0.01),热休克蛋白70浓度极显著提高(P<0.01)。结果提示,热应激会严重影响奶牛血清激素和热休克蛋白70浓度,从而影响奶牛的生产性能;与泌乳中、后期相比,热应激对泌乳前期奶牛影响更大。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of heat stress on performance and the concentrations of serum hormones and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） of dairy cows at different lactation stages.Eighteen dairy cows with similiar parity at different lactation stages （early,mid-and late lactation stages） were used in a two factors （3 × 2） fully crossed design with six cows per stage; two heat stress stages （heat stress stage and non-heat stress stage） were also designed.The results showed as follows：the milk yield （P 〈 0.05） and the dry matter intake （P 〈 O.O1） of dairy cows were significantly decreased by heat stress.Compared with non-heat stress stage,the concentrations of insulin,glucagon,T4 and leptin in serum tended to be decreased under heat stress （P 〉 0.05）,and the concentrations of T3,cort and prolactin in serum were extremely significantly decreased （P 〈 0.01）,while the serum HSP70 concentration was extremely significantly increased （P 〈 0.01）.In conclusion,heat stress has serious effects on the concentrations of serum hormone and HSP70,and thus affects the performance of dairy cows; compared with mid-and late lactation stages,the effects of heat stress on early lactation are the most serious.

关 键 词：热应激 生产性能 激素 热休克蛋白70 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]