基于汽车稳态回转性的悬架参数优化设计  

The parameters of suspension optimization design based on the steering stability characteristics

作　　者：葛伟[1] 盘朝奉[1] 郭丽娜 陈龙[1] 何志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]南京长安福特马自达发动机有限公司,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期1052-1058,共7页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51105178);国家863节能与新能源汽车重大项目(2012AA111401);江苏省自然科学基金面上研究项目(BK2011489)

摘　　要：为了研究悬架结构参数对整车稳态回转性能的影响，通过ADAMS／Car建立了某微型轿车的整车虚拟样机模型，进行了稳态回转道路试验，并将试验与仿真结果进行对比，验证了整车模型的正确性；然后对该车稳态回转性能进行评价，发现不足转向度数值较低，导致综合得分并不高。为了解决不足转向度数值偏低的问题，提高车辆的稳态性能，通过灵敏度分析，选取排名前三位的影响因素，具体分析了悬架结构参数对整车操纵稳定性能的影响，并对其进行优化处理与仿真，优化过程中同时考虑不足转向度以及悬架运动学特性，优化后在相同的侧向加速度下，前后轴的侧偏角差值比原来增加3倍左右，外倾角的变化由原来的-0．5—3．0°减少到现在的0．5～2．5°，前后桥的侧偏角差值由原来的0—0．5°增加到现在的0～1．5°，通过优化后的车辆不足转向度得到了提高，车辆的稳态性能得到了提升。In order to study the effect of the suspension parameters on the steady turning characteris- tics, a whole vehicle model of a mini car was established by applying the ADAMS/Car software and the steering stability was tested for comparing the results of test and simulation to verify the correct- ness of the virtual prototype model. It was found that the low value of understeer degree by evalua- ting the steady turning characteristics of the vehicle is the main reason for low score. To solve the problem of the understeer degree and to improve the steering stability, the first three key influencing factors were determined by the sensitivity analysis. The impact of suspension parameters on the vehi- cle steering stability was analyzed. Optimization and simulation were conducted by considering the understeer degree with the suspension kinematics characteristics. After optimization, the side slip angle was increased by three times under the same lateral acceleration; the value of camber angle is decreased from -0.5 - 3.0 degree to 0.5 - 2. 5 degree, and the front-rear sideslip angles＇ difference is increased from 0 - 0. 5 degree to 0 - 1.5 degree. The optimization results show that the steering stability characteristics is effectively improved.

关 键 词：ADAMS CAR 悬架参数 优化设计 稳态回转 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]