门诊老年失眠患者镇静催眠药物的使用情况及护理对策  

Nursing Strategies for Sedative Hypnotic Drugs Usage among Outpatient Elderly Patients with Insomnia

作　　者：魏红[1] 谭平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院干部保健科,福建福州350025

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2013年第18期31-33,共3页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨老年失眠患者服用镇静催眠药物的情况与对策。方法2011年2—10月，便利抽样法选择就诊于福州总医院老年门诊的543例失眠患者为研究对象，了解其服药原因、服药时间、药物种类、药物不良反应等。结果543例患者中，60～69岁220例（40．51％）、70～79岁218例（40．15％），长期连续使用药物者305例（56．2％）；服用1种镇静催眠药有339例（62．43％），服用2种的124例（22．84％），服用3种的56例（10．31％），4种以上的24例（4．42％）。服用药物的原因依次为治疗各类失眠、缓解疼痛、解除焦虑等。使用镇静催眠药排序前5位的是地西泮、艾司唑仑、氯硝西泮、酒石酸唑吡坦、硝西泮。有157例患者出现不同程度的不良反应，主要表现为困倦、乏力、眩晕、胃肠道不适等。结论应高度关注老年人使用镇静催眠药的状况，了解原因，掌握适应症，控制用量，加强心理治疗。Objective To explore the sedative hypnotic drugs usage situation and strategies among outpa- tient elderly patients with insomnia. Methods By convenience sampling,totally 543 elderly patients with insomnia were recruited and analyzed to get medication reasons, medication types, medication adverse reac- tions. Results Patients aged from 60 to 69 were 220（40.51%）, 60 to 69 were 218（40.15%）. A total of 305（56.2%） elderly patients used the medicine continuously,about 339 （62.43%）patients used one kind of sedative hypnotic drug,124 （22.84%）used two kinds,56 （10.31%）used three kinds,and 24 （4.42%）used four kinds. Medication reasons included insomnia, pain and anxiety release. The top five used medicine included diazepam, estazolam, clonazepam, tartrate zolpidem Tanzania. Adverse effects were found between 157 patients, including fatigue, lack of power, dizziness, gastrointestinal reaction, and so on. Conclusion We should highly concern about the situation of sedative-hypnotics usage, understand the reasons, master the indications, control medication doses ,and strengthen psychological treatment.

关 键 词：老年人 失眠 镇静催眠药 护理 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]