两个海区栉孔扇贝感染AVNV的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of scallop Chlamys farreri infected by acute viral necrosis virus( AVNV) in two areas

作　　者：杨彩霞[1,2] 李赟[2] 王崇明[1] 曲朋[1,2] 黄倢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]中国海洋大学水产学院海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第10期1579-1584,共6页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48)

摘　　要：急性病毒性坏死病毒(acute viral necrosis virus,AVNV)是一种能导致栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的DNA病毒,研究通过检测不同养殖模式和不同苗种来源的栉孔扇贝样本携带AVNV的情况,以寻找合理的养殖模式和苗种,降低疾病的发生。以扇贝单一养殖的青岛流清河海区和贝藻间养的荣成桑沟湾海区为采样点,每月(2010年3月—2011年4月)定期采集2个海区野生苗养殖和人工苗养殖的栉孔扇贝样品各10只,共得到扇贝样本480只。取扇贝外套膜组织,提取DNA,采用巢式PCR检测扇贝感染AVNV的情况,并对2个海区2类栉孔扇贝AVNV感染率进行比较。结果显示,在2个海区的2类栉孔扇贝体内均检测到AVNV,流清河海区野生苗和人工苗养殖栉孔扇贝AVNV感染率分别为21.1%和18.9%,桑沟湾海区2类扇贝AVNV感染率分别为11.1%和5.6%;2个海区AVNV感染扇贝均集中在7、8月份,其中,流清河海区最高可达80%,桑沟湾海区最高仅40%。研究表明,贝藻间养和选用人工苗能有效减少AVNV对养殖扇贝的感染,是控制养殖扇贝发病死亡的有效措施。Acute viral necrosis virus（AVNV）,which caused mass mortality of scallops Chlamys farreri,is a DNA virus.In the present study,the detection of AVNV was conducted on culture scallops from different culture modes and seeds to search appropriate culture modes and seeds which could reduce mortality of culture scallops.Ten adult scallops were sampled regularly from scallop single-cultured system（Liuqing River,Qingdao）and scallop-kelp co-cultured system（Sanggou Bay,Rongcheng）per month,both contained scallops originating from wild-seed and artificial-seed（March 2010- April 2011,total 480 scallops were sampled）.The scallops were taken to the lab at low tempreture.Mantle tissue DNA was extracted and used as the template for nest-PCR to evaluate infection of AVNV.The results showed that the infection rates of AVNV for cultured scallops from wild-seed and artificial-seed were 21.1% and 18.9% in Liuqing River,while in Sanggou Bay the infection rates were 11.1% and 5.6%.In both sampling sites,high infection rates were detected in July and August.Highest infection rate in Liuqing River reached 80%,while in Sanggou Bay that was only 40%.The present study indicated that scallop-kelp co-cultured system and artificial-seed could effectively decrease the infection rate of AVNV,which could be useful methods to control occurrence of scallop disease.

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 急性病毒性坏死病毒 巢式PCR 养殖模式 

分 类 号：S943[农业科学—水产养殖]