基于KAP综合评价方法的鄱阳湖易感地带小学生血吸虫病健康教育效果评估  

Evaluation of Health Education in Primary School Students from Schistosomiasis-Endemic Areas around Poyang Lake by KAP Hierarchical Evaluation Method

作　　者：朱静[1,2] 赵安[1,3] 汪立伟 张文馨[1] 黄潮清[1] 唐启强[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学,南昌330022 [2]宁夏银川市第六中学,银川750001 [3]江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌330022 [4]宁夏银川市第二中学,银川750001

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2013年第5期390-394,共5页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：2008年全国教育科学"十一五"规划课题(No.BLA080064)~~

摘　　要：目的定量评价小学生血吸虫病防治知识、态度和行为（KAP）健康教育的干预效果。方法设计血防健康教育KAP问卷，于2010年6月对南昌市五星农场3所小学（梅池小学、鲤鱼洲小学和中心小学）三、四年级学生进行基线调查，选择中心小学（84人）作为实验组，其他2所学校（62人）为对照组。2010年9月～2011年10月对实验组开展了血防健康教育干预活动（知识讲座、信息传播和强化教育等），最后对实验组进行了KAP终期干预效果问卷检查。采用KAP综合评价方法计算干预前、后的实验组和对照组的KAP得分．定量评价干预效果。结果实验组教育干预后血防KAP得分9．36分，高于干预前的8．40分（t=2．9944，P〈0．01）和对照组的8．53分（f=5．3355，P〈0．01）。其中，血防知识由干预前的6．16分提高到8．12分（t=5．7168，P〈0．01），血防态度由干预前的9．10分提高到9．86分（t=3．2764，P〈0．01）．血防行为由干预前的8．67分提高到9．45分（t=2．4854，P〈0．05）。与实验组相比．对照组干预后的血防知识（6．34，t=3．5175，P〈0．01）、态度（9．43，t=2．3119，P〈0．05）]得分较低，但血防行为差异不明显（从9．57提高到9．65）。30个调查指标中有26个指标实验组干预后得分高于对照组和干预前。结论五星农场中心小学血防健康教育干预效果较好。Objective To quantitatively evaluate the intervention effect of schistosomiasis health education on the knowledge, attitude and behavior （KAP） among the primary school students. Methods A questionnaire was designed to collect baseline data. Questionnairing was conducted among students of grades 3 and 4 from the Central Primary School, Liyuzhou Primary School, and Meichi Primary School in Wuxing Farm of Nanchang City in June 2010. Eighty-four students from Central Primary School were selected as experiment group, and 62 students in the other two schools served as control group. Health education intervention （knowledge lectures, information dissemination, intensive education and so on） was conducted for the students in experiment group from September 2010 to October 2011. Final KAP questionnaire survey was carried out after intervention. A KAP hierarchical evaluation method was used to calculate the KAP scores in the two groups before and after intervention. Results After health education, the total KAP score in experiment group increased from 8.40 before education to 9.36 （t=2.994 4, P〈0.01）, higher than that of the control （8.53, t=5.335 5, P〈0.01）. The scores of knowledge, attitude and behavior of schistosomiasis control increased from 6.16, 9.10, and 8.67 before education to 8.12, 9.86, and 9.45 after education in experiment group （t=5.716 8, P〈0.01; t=3.2764, P〈0.01; t=3.276 4, P〈0.01）, respectively. Compared to the experiment group, after health education the scores of knowledge （6.34, t=3.517 5, P〈0.01） and attitude of schistosomiasis control （9.43, t=2.311 9, P〈0.05） were lower in control group; but no significant difference was found on the score of behavior between the two groups. After health education, the scores of 26 indices in experiment group were higher than that of the control and before education. Conclusion The health education intervention is effective for schistosomiasis control in the experiment school.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 健康教育 KAP综合评价 小学生 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]