靶向团体干预对武警男性新兵心理健康状况的影响  

Impact of group psychotherapy on mental health status in new recruits

作　　者：崔红[1] 牛晟[1] 潘昱[1] 林汉英[1] 贾艳艳[1] 杨君[1] 张川敏[2] 雷阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院医学心理科,北京100853 [2]武警北京总队第三医院心理科,北京100850

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2013年第20期2134-2137,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨团体心理干预对新兵心理健康状况的影响。方法对342名新兵进行了团体心理干预的对照研究,其中研究组167人,对照组165人。采用包括6个单元的团体心理干预方案,第1单元为"应激与放松训练",第2单元为"正念训练",第3单元为"自我成长与自我和谐",第4单元为"社会支持系统",第五单元为"合理情绪疗法",第六单元为"应对方式"。对集训期新兵进行了为期6～8周的心理干预,采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量量表、症状自评量表、自我效能量表、军人社会支持评定量表和简单应对方式量表进行干预前与后测量,并采用验证性因素分析检验评价指标的可靠性。结果模型对数据拟合较好,理论测量模型得到了研究数据的支持。与对照组相比较,研究组在集训期内的焦虑、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量量表评分有差异[(29.56±6.33)vs(30.85±5.86),(27.11±8.41)vs(33.91±8.55),(3.71±2.34)vs(4.53±2.66)],干预措施在降低焦虑、抑郁、自陈身、心症状以及提高晚眠质量和自我效能上都有积极的效果。结论团体心理干预对新兵在集训期内的焦虑、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量有较好的调节作用,并能有效提升新兵的自我效能感。Objective To determine the impact of group psychotherapy on mental health status in new recruits. Methods A total of 342 new recruits were enrolled in this control study on group psychotherapy, and were randomly divided into intervention group （n=167）and control（n=165）. The intervention group received a 6- to 8-week group psychotherapy, including 6 units during military recruit training, that is, stress and relaxation training, mindfulness training, self-growth and self-harmony, social support system, rational emotive therapy, and response style. Both groups were assessed by self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS）, Pittsburg sleep quality index （ PSQI）, symptom checklist （ SCL-90）, general self-efficacy scale （GSES）, social support scale for Chinese military personnel and simplified coping style questionnaire （SCSQ） before and after intervention, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate validity of measures.Results Our model fitted data well and study data supported theoretical measurement model. Compared to the control group, anxiety, depression and quality of sleep were decreased significantly in the intervention group than the control （29.56±6.33 vs 30.85±5.86, 27.11±8.41 vs 33.91±8.55, 3.71±2.34 vs 4.53±2.66）. Conclusion Group psychotherapy improves mental health of new recruits in anxiety, depression and quality of sleep during military recruit traming, and improves their self-efficacy for them.

关 键 词：心理干预 新兵 精神卫生 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学] R812.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]