短期模拟失重对男性客体心理旋转能力的影响  

Effect of short-term simulated microgravity on man's ability in object mental rotation test

作　　者：朱填莉[1] 张茜茹[1] 段娇博[1] 廖扬[1] 刘旭峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学医学心理系,西安710032

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2013年第20期2151-2154,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81071616;81272174)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨短期失重对男性客体心理旋转能力的影响。方法从某军医大学招募16名男性志愿者(年龄24～31岁)参加72 h HDT实验,分别在HDT前1 d(HDT/0D)和连续HDT 3 d(HDT/1D、HDT/2D、HDT/3D)完成以客体字母"F"图片为刺激的客体心理旋转测验,进行行为数据和事件相关电位(Event related potential,ERP)数据采集与分析。结果刺激图片的旋转角度与反应时间存在显著的线性关系,从HDT/0D到HDT/3D,心理旋转反应时间随角度变化的线性拟合截距未达到统计学差异水平[F(3,45)=1.216,P=0.309],拟合斜率亦未达到统计学差异水平[F(3,45)=0.235,P=0.817]。ERP结果表明,旋转角度的主效应显著[F(3,45)=44.478,P<0.01],4种角度的刺激图片所诱发的P300平均波幅差异显著(P<0.05);HDT时间因素的主效应显著[F(3,45)=6.585,P=0.004],HDT/0D与HDT/1D间片00平均波幅的差异显著(P<0.05),其他时间点间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论模拟失重并未改变个体心理旋转进程,旋转角度越大所需要的反应时越长,所需要的认知资源也越多。但是,HDT后个体心理旋转能力呈现先下降后恢复的现象,提示脑功能可能存在失重生理效应作用下的自适应变化。Objective To determine the effect of short-term simulated microgravity on man′s ability in object mental rotation test. Methods Sixteen healthy subjects volunteered to participate in a 72-hour head down tilt bed rest （HDT） test, and accomplished stimulate mental rotation tests with letter “F” pictures as stimulation, in 1 d before the HDT （HDT/0D） and in continuous 3 d after HDT （HDT/1D, HDT/2D, HDT/3D） respectively. The behavior and event related potential （ERP） data were collected and analyzed. Results Significant linear relationship was found in the rotation angle of stimulation pictures with the response time. From the HDT/0D to HDT/3D, the linear fitting intercept of mental rotation time was changed with angle but without statistically significance[F（3,45）=1.216, P=0.309], and the fitting of slope also had no statistically significance[F（3,45）=0.235, P=0.817]. ERP results indicated that the main effect of rotation angle reached statistically significant [F（3,45）=44.478, P〈0.01]. The average amplitude of P300 among 4 angles had significant differences （P〈0.05）. Main effect of HDT time factor reached statistically significant [F（3,45）=6.585, P=0.004], and average amplitude between HDT/1D and HDT/0D had significant difference, but there was no statistical difference at other time points. Conclusion Simulated weightlessness does not change the process of individual mental rotation, and the greater of the rotation angle is, the longer the reaction time is, and the more psychological resources it requires. After HDT, individuals’ mental rotation capacity falls first and then recovers, indicating that brain function has an adaptive change under physiological effect of weightlessness.

关 键 词：模拟失重 心理旋转 事件相关电位 平均波幅 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学] R852.22[医药卫生—医学心理学]