国内外气候舒适度评价研究进展  

Advances in Assessment of Bioclimatic Comfort Conditions at Home and Abroad

作　　者：闫业超[1] 岳书平[1] 刘学华 王丹丹[1] 陈慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学遥感学院,江苏南京210044 [2]金华市气象局,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2013年第10期1119-1125,共7页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"降雨侵蚀力因子空间数据不确定性研究"(编号:40901062)资助

摘　　要：开展气候舒适度评价对于科学指导旅游出行、客观评价城市人居环境等都具有重要的理论价值和实践意义,近年来随着旅游业的蓬勃发展和生活质量的普遍提高,气候舒适度评价愈发成为当前研究的热点问题。在回顾近百年来该领域研究成果的基础上,划分出气候舒适度评价的3个重要时期,介绍了每个时期具广泛影响的人体舒适度模型,论述了各种模型提出的时代背景、基本思想和适用条件。研究表明:气候舒适度评价由简单的经验模型向复杂的机理模型、由时空局限性模型向客观普适性模型发展,具有精细化、客观化的发展趋势;目前,国内气候舒适度评价研究中仍以经验模型的应用较为普遍,但在模型的选择上要注意其季节及地域适用性;发展具有普适性的气候舒适度评价模型、探索气候舒适度精细化评估技术是今后研究中亟待解决的问题;开展特色宜人气候评价有望拓展舒适气候评价研究的深度和范围,是今后重要的研究方向。The evaluation of bioelimatic comfort conditions has very important theoretical meaning and practi- cal value, not only beaeause it can help travelers choose their favorate holiday destinations, but also because it can provide scientific foundation for the assessment of urban living environment. It has become a hot topic recently, driven by the flourishing tourism and the improvement of people＇ s living standard. The research history on assess- ment of bioclimatic comfort conditions, which may date back almost a century, is divided into three peroids based on a detailed survey of literature related to this topic over the past century. The infulential assessment models in each period are introduced. The historical background, basic idea and applicable conditions for each model are de- scribed in detail. The research shows that： （1）bioelimatic comfort assessment models have been evolved from simple empirical models limited to space and time into complicated, impersonal, and universal energy-balance models, which shows the trend of sophistication and objectivity; （2）Today, empirical models are still widely used for the as- sessment of comfortable climates in China, and thus it is important to select the appropriate ones to make sure they are good for use for a study area or in a particular season; （3）there are some problems calling for immediate resolution, such as to develop universal assessment models as well as to explore fine-scale assessment techniques; （4）the evaluation on featured comfortable climates, which might expand the study area of comfortable climates assessment, is an important research direction in the future.

关 键 词：人体舒适指数 评价 模型适用性 特色宜人气候 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]