15岁及以下儿童乙肝疫苗免疫效果分析  

Analysis of hepatitis B vaccine immune effect in aged 15 and below children

作　　者：陈华[1] 段晋超[1] 邓建军 郭洪菊[1] 孙宏英[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省绵阳市疾病预防控制中心重大传染病综合防治示范区项目办公室,621000 [2]绵阳四〇四医院检验中心,621000

出　　处：《免疫学杂志》2013年第11期1010-1012,共3页Immunological Journal

基　　金：国家"十一五"重大科技专项(2009ZX10004-905)

摘　　要：目的了解乙肝疫苗接种后保护效果,评价相关年龄段儿童抵御乙肝病毒能力,为完善乙肝防控策略提供依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法采集涪城区城乡15岁及以下仅接受了3针乙肝疫苗接种儿童血清,采用双抗原夹心时间分辨免疫荧光分析法(IFMA法)对乙肝表面抗体(Anti—HBs)定量检测,分析乙肝抗体保护率及变化趋势。结果本次共调查了符合条件的1 503名儿童,抗-HBs阳性率为59.9%;1岁组抗体阳性率最高为95.3%,1～3岁期间乙肝抗-HBs滴度和阳性率下降最快,到6岁组抗体阳性率下降到最低37.5%,而后逐渐缓慢有所上升,但都低于1～3岁组;乙肝抗-HBs滴度与性别、城乡差异无关。结论 3～6岁儿童人群虽全程接种完3针乙肝疫苗,但依然有较高的乙肝病毒感染风险;此阶段儿童应根据抗-HBs检测结果,及时加强免疫。This study designed to explore the protective effect of hepatitis B vaccine, evaluate the anti- hepatitis B virus ability of define ages of children, and to provide a basis for improvement of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies. We used cluster random sampling method to collect the 15 years and younger children＇s serum who only accept three vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in Fucheng urban and rural areas. IFMA method was employed for quantitative detection of hepatitis B surface antibody. Total of 1503 eligible children demonstrated an average anti-HBs-positive-rate of 59.9%. One-year-old children group showed the positive rate of 95.3%, while 1-3 ear-old children group showed the most quickly decrease of anti-HBs titer, and 6-year-old group down to a minimum of 37.5%. And then with age increase, the anti-HBs-positive-rate gradually increased, but lower than that of 1-3 year-old group. We also found anti-HBs titer was independent with gender and region. In conclusion, the group of 3-6 years old children still has a higher risk of hepatitis B virus infection, although they accepted three vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine. Children in these ages should be boostered timely according to the result of the detection of anti-HBs.

关 键 词：乙肝疫苗 免疫效果 加强免疫 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]