米蛾卵繁育的螟黄赤眼蜂的适宜冷贮温度和虫龄  

Optimal day-age and temperature for cold storage of Trichogramma chilonis(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) reared on Corcyra cephalonica(Lepidoptera:Galleriidae) eggs

作　　者：袁曦[1] 冯新霞[1] 李敦松[1] 张宝鑫[1] 王振营[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2013年第9期1010-1019,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103002);植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室开放基金资助课题(SKL2012OP04)

摘　　要：为了全面评价冷贮对米蛾Corcyra cephalonica Stainton卵繁育螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis Ishii的影响， 本试验采用米蛾卵为寄主， 以冷贮温度（3和10℃）、 冷贮虫龄（以接蜂开始时间为起点， 接蜂后1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8和9日龄）和冷贮时间（1, 2, 3和4周）为试验因子， 研究了冷贮对螟黄赤眼蜂活蛹率、 羽化率和畸形率的影响。结果表明： 3个因素均能单独或互作显著影响活蛹率、 羽化率和畸形率（P＜0.05）。综合各冷贮虫龄对低温的反应， 螟黄赤眼蜂对3℃较敏感， 此温度下1-3日龄的活蛹率和各虫龄的羽化率均显著下降（P＜0.05）， 不适宜长期冷贮； 10℃下各虫龄的活蛹率受冷贮时间的影响不显著， 1-3日龄的羽化率受冷贮时间的影响也不显著， 冷贮4周后仍有74%以上的羽化率， 10℃适宜冷贮。不同冷贮温度下冷贮适宜虫龄不同。在10℃下， 最适冷贮虫龄是3日龄的赤眼蜂， 此虫龄不同冷贮时间的活蛹率（74.09%～77.59%）和羽化率（74.26%～90.37%）均与对照无显著差异（P〉0.05）， 但显著高于其他虫龄（P＜0.05）。此虫龄在10℃下冷贮1-3周， 畸形率在27%以内。结果表明米蛾卵内螟黄赤眼蜂不同冷贮温度下适宜冷贮虫龄不同。In order to comprehensively evaluate the impacts of cold storage on Trichogramma reared on Corcyra cephalonica eggs, the effects of cold storage on pupal survival rates, adult emergence rates and adult deformity rates of Trichogramma chilonis were investigated through applying storage temperature （3℃ and 10℃）, day-age （age from 1 to 10 days after parasitization of wasp on host egg, respectively） and period （1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks） as the experimental factors and taking C. cephalonica eggs as the host. The results indicated that those three factors substantially influenced the pupal survival rates, adult emergence rates and adult deformity rates separately or interactively （P〈0.05）. Among all storage temperatures tested, T. chilonis was most susceptive to 3℃, its pupal survival rate for the age of 1-3-day-old and adult emergence rate for all ages decreased notably at this temperature （P〈0.05）, and therefore 3℃ was considered to be unfavorable for long-term storage. At 10℃, pupal survival rates for all ages and adult emergence rates for the age of 1-3-day-old were not affected by the storage period, and the adult emergence rate was still over 74% after cold storage of 4 weeks, thus 10℃ was considered to be more favorable for storage than 3℃. The favorable age for cold storage varied with different storage temperatures. At 10℃, which was favorable for cold storage, the most favorable age was for 3dayold while there was no distinct difference from the control groups in pupal survival rates （74.09%-77.59%） and adult emergence rates （74.26%-90.37%） in different periods, but they were notably higher at this age than those in other ages. After the cold storage under 10℃ for 1-3 weeks, the adult deformity rates were within 27%. The results suggest that the favorable age for cold storage of T. chilonis reared on C. cephalonica eggs varies with different cold storage temperatures.

关 键 词：螟黄赤眼蜂 米蛾卵 冷贮 温度 虫龄 冷贮时间 羽化率 畸形率 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]