原油组分相互作用对析蜡的影响机理  

Mechanism of the Effect of Components Interaction on Wax Precipitation Process in Crude Oil

作　　者：陈刚[1] 李小龙[1] 张洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2013年第5期844-850,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：陕西省科技计划项目(2012KJXX-40);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(11JK0560)资助

摘　　要：采用柱色谱分离法、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微分析方法,对采自长庆油田和玉门油田的原油样品进行了组分分离,研究了各组分对析蜡的影响机理。结果表明,2种原油组分差异较大;原油各组分相互作用可以有效抑制蜡晶的析出。长庆油田原油与其饱和烃组分(Ch1)相比,析蜡点降低6.45℃,析蜡峰温降低6.64℃;玉门油田原油与其饱和烃组分(Y1)相比,析蜡点降低3.46℃,析蜡峰温降低6.14℃。向Ch1中分别加入不同极性组分后,其作用结果与原油原始状态差异较大;胶质、沥青质使Ch1冷却结晶时的蜡晶颗粒数目增多,尺寸相对减小,减弱蜡晶之间的联结强度,削弱了蜡晶缔合而形成大块蜡晶聚集体的倾向。With chromatogram separation,differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and optical microscope methods the components of two crude oils from Changqing and Yumen oil field were separated and their effect mechanisms on the wax precipitation process were studied.The results indicated that the compositions of the two crude oils were quite different.The interaction between the components of the crude oil could inhibit the precipitation of wax crystal effectively.For the crude oil from Changqing oil field,the wax-appearing temperature decreased by 6.45°C,and the wax-appearing peak temperature decreased by 6.64°C,compared to that of the saturated hydrocarbon component （Ch1）.For the crude oil from Yumen oil field,the wax-appearing temperature decreased by 3.46°C,and wax-appearing peak temperature decreased by 6.14℃,compared to that of the saturated hydrocarbon component （Y1）.The behaviors of Ch1 with different polarity components added were quite different from the crude oil.The addition of resin and asphaltene to Ch1 increased the number of wax crystal particles and decreased their dimensions during the cooling crystallization process,which prevented the particles from contact and crosslink each other to form bulk wax crystal aggregation.

关 键 词：原油组分 析蜡点 蜡晶 差示扫描量热法(DSC) 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]