沼渣与化肥配施对制种玉米生产和土壤肥力的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Biogas Digestate and Chemical Fertilizer on Production of Hybrid Seed Corn and Soil Fertility

作　　者：许耀照[1,2] 曾秀存[2] 吕彪[1,2] 王勤礼[1,2] 闫芳[1,2] 王彦禄[2] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院河西生态与绿洲农业研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2013年第5期40-43,共4页China Biogas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题项目(2007BAD89B17);甘肃省教育厅科研项目(1109B-11);河西学院院长基金项目(2008-3)

摘　　要：在制种玉米生产条件下,以杂交组合104为材料,采用随机区组试验,用1200 kg沼渣+N24.44P11.76K6.25kg·667 m-2(T1),1200 kg沼渣+N12.22P5.88K3.12kg·667 m-2(T2),1200 kg沼渣+N6.11P2.94K1.56kg·667 m-2(T3),1200 kg沼渣+N3.06P1.47K0.78kg·667 m-2(T4)和N24.44P11.76K6.25kg·667 m-2(对照)施肥处理,研究沼渣与化肥配施对制种玉米生产和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:T1处理增加了土壤有机质和速效钾的含量且玉米穗最长;T2处理玉米穗行数和穗行粒数最多,株高、出籽率和每公顷制种玉米产量最高;T3处理增加了土壤速效磷、碱解氮含量和土壤电导率且制种玉米茎最粗、穗粒重和百粒重最重;T4处理增加了玉米穗秃顶。因此,化肥施入较对照降低50.0%时,T2处理的制种玉米产量达到8364.15 kg·hm-2,增产了24.7%,利润增加了36.2%。Effect of combined application of biogas digestate and chemical fertilizer on hybrid seed corn production and soil fertility were studied in fields adopting the randomized block experiment and with hybrid maize 104 as the experiment seed. Five treatments were designed, in which digestate were 1200 kg for each treatment but with different amount of N,P,K re- spectively. The results showed that the T1 （ N, P, K application were 24.44, 11.76, 6.25 kg 667m-2 respeetively） had the highest soil organic matter and available potassium contents, and the longest ear length. And T2 （ N,P,K were 12.22, 5.88,3.12 kg 667m-2 respectively）had the maximum ear rows and maximum grains per row, and so it had the highest seed yield . And T3（N,P,K were 6.11, 2.94, 1.56 kg 667m-2 respectively）had the highest soil available P, alkali - hydro nitrogen content and best soil conductivity, and the stalk was the thickest, the average grain weight was the heaviest and so the hundred grain weight. And T4 （N, P, K were 3.06, 1.47, 0.78 kg 667m-2 respectively） had more bald ears. Comparing with the CK（ N, P, K were 24.44, 11.76, 6.25 kg 667m-2 respectively without digestate）, T2 had a yield in- crease of 24.7%. The seed corn yield of T2 was $364.15kg hm-2.

关 键 词：制种玉米 沼渣 化肥配施 生长发育 产量 效益 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S158.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]