皇甫川流域次洪水沙特征值变化特点  

Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Transport of Floods in Huangfuchuan Basin

作　　者：金双彦[1] 朱世同[2] 张志恒 梁霄[1] 罗琳[4] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水文水资源科学研究院,河南郑州450004 [2]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475004 [3]黄委宁蒙水文水资源局,内蒙古包头030600 [4]清华大学,北京100083

出　　处：《水文》2013年第5期88-91,96,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAB02B04);水利部公益性行业专项经费项目(200901019)

摘　　要：黄河流域径流量呈现锐减趋势,径流锐减突出表现在中游河口镇至龙门区间.以河龙区间皇甫川流域为典型支流,选择1954～2012年洪峰流量大于100m3/s的洪水共271场,分析了次洪水沙特征值的变化.得出如下结论：近些年洪水发生次数和年最大洪峰流量高值出现次数均有减少趋势;次洪洪量和次洪沙量基本呈现逐年代减少的趋势,沙量减少幅度远大于洪量的减幅;涨洪历时比较短,峰型普遍偏尖瘦;洪峰流量大的洪水的基流量占洪量的百分比明显低于洪峰流量小的洪水对应的比值.Runoff in the Yellow River basin display sharp drop trend,which show prominently in the reach from Hekouzhen to Longmen.271 floods of peak higher than 100m3/s in the typical tributary of Huangfuchuan basin from 1954 to 2012 were chosen and flood features were analyzed.The conclusions is as the following.The number of flood and high annual maximum peak declined in recent years.Runoff and sediment transport of flood were reduced by decades,and the extent of sediment was much larger than that of runoff.The duration of flood rising is relatively short and peak shape is generally thin.The ratio of base flow and runoff in flood is lower when the peak discharge is higher.

关 键 词：洪水 涨洪历时 峰型系数 次洪洪量 次洪沙量 次洪基流量 皇甫川流域 

分 类 号：TV212.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]